Italy, sentence 162
From Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Fascism was based upon Italian nationalism and imperialism, seeking to expand Italian possessions via irredentist claims based on the legacy of the Roman and Venetian empires.
What happens: base, seek, expand · To what, where: Fascism, Italian possessions, irredentist claims, legacy
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Italy». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fascism | Fascism | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 based | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 based | aux:pass |
| 3 | based | base | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 6 nationalism | case |
| 5 | Italian | Italian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 nationalism | amod |
| 6 | nationalism | nationalism | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 based | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 imperialism | cc |
| 8 | imperialism | imperialism | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 nationalism | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 seeking | punct |
| 10 | seeking | seek | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 based | conj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 expand | mark |
| 12 | expand | expand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 seeking | xcomp |
| 13 | Italian | Italian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 possessions | amod |
| 14 | possessions | possession | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 expand | obj |
| 15 | via | via | ADP | _ | 17 claims | case |
| 16 | irredentist | irredentist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 claims | compound |
| 17 | claims | claim | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 expand | obl |
| 18 | based | base | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 claims | acl |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 legacy | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 legacy | det |
| 21 | legacy | legacy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 based | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 empires | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 empires | det |
| 24 | Roman | roman | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 empires | amod |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 Venetian | cc |
| 26 | Venetian | venetian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 Roman | conj |
| 27 | empires | empire | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 legacy | nmod |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 based | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | base | past · passive | Fascism | upon Italian nationalism and imperialism | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | seek | gerund | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | expand not said to happen | to-infinitive | Italian possessions | via irredentist claims | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent possession=Patient | ||||
| 4 | base | participle | irredentist claims not said here | the legacy of the Roman empires | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent on legacy=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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