Italy, sentence 164
From Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
In 1935, Mussolini invaded Ethiopia and founded Italian East Africa, resulting in international isolation.
Who acts: Mussolini · What happens: invade, found, result · To what, where: Ethiopia, 1935, Italian East, international isolation
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Italy». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mussolini), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 1935 | case |
| 2 | 1935 | 1935 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 invaded | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 1935 | punct |
| 4 | Mussolini | Mussolini | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 invaded | nsubj |
| 5 | invaded | invade | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | Ethiopia | Ethiopia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 invaded | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 founded | cc |
| 8 | founded | found | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 invaded | conj |
| 9 | Italian | Italian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 East | amod |
| 10 | East | East | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 founded | obj |
| 11 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 East | flat |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 resulting | punct |
| 13 | resulting | result | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 founded | advcl |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 isolation | case |
| 15 | international | international | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 isolation | amod |
| 16 | isolation | isolation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 resulting | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 invaded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | invade | past | Mussolini | Ethiopia | 1935 | tree rules | |||
| 2 | found | past | Mussolini not said here | Italian East | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent east=Patient | ||||
| 3 | result | gerund | Mussolini not said here | international isolation | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in isolation=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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