Italy, sentence 239
From Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Winter temperatures vary from 0 C in the Alps to 12 C in Sicily; so, average summer temperatures range from 20 C to over 25 C. Winters can vary widely with lingering cold, foggy, and snowy periods in the north, and milder, sunnier conditions in the south.
Who acts: Winter temperatures, average summer temperatures, 25 · What happens: vary, range · To what, where: 0 C, 20 C
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Italy». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Winter temperatures, average summer temperatures, 25), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 temperatures | compound |
| 2 | temperatures | temperature | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 vary | nsubj |
| 3 | vary | vary | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 5 0 | case |
| 5 | 0 | 0 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 C | nummod |
| 6 | C | C | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 vary | obj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 Alps | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Alps | det |
| 9 | Alps | Alp | PROPN | Number=Plur | 6 C | nmod |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 12 | case |
| 11 | 12 | 12 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 vary | obl |
| 12 | C | C | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 12 | nmod:unmarked |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 Sicily | case |
| 14 | Sicily | Sicily | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 C | nmod |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 range | punct |
| 16 | so | so | ADV | _ | 21 range | advmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 so | punct |
| 18 | average | average | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 temperatures | amod |
| 19 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 temperatures | compound |
| 20 | temperatures | temperature | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 range | nsubj |
| 21 | range | range | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 vary | parataxis |
| 22 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 C | case |
| 23 | 20 | 20 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 24 C | nummod |
| 24 | C | c | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 range | obl |
| 25 | to | to | SCONJ | _ | 31 vary | mark |
| 26 | over | over | ADV | _ | 27 25 | advmod |
| 27 | 25 | 25 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 31 vary | nsubj |
| 28 | C. | c. | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 Winters | compound |
| 29 | Winters | winter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 vary | nsubj |
| 30 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 vary | aux |
| 31 | vary | vary | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 range | advcl |
| 32 | widely | widely | ADV | _ | 31 vary | advmod |
| 33 | with | with | ADP | _ | 34 lingering | case |
| 34 | lingering | lingering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 vary | obl |
| 35 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 lingering | amod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 foggy | punct |
| 37 | foggy | foggy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 cold | conj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 milder | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 milder | cc |
| 40 | snowy | snowy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 periods | amod |
| 41 | periods | period | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 milder | nsubj |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 44 north | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 north | det |
| 44 | north | north | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 periods | nmod |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 milder | punct |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 milder | cc |
| 47 | milder | mild | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 21 range | conj |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 conditions | punct |
| 49 | sunnier | sunny | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 50 conditions | amod |
| 50 | conditions | condition | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 milder | obl |
| 51 | in | in | ADP | _ | 53 south | case |
| 52 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 53 south | det |
| 53 | south | south | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 conditions | nmod |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 vary | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | vary | present | Winter temperatures | 0 C | to 12 C in Sicily result; in the Alps | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute NP.extent PP.initial_state PP.result»: agent=Patient c=Extent to 12=Result in alp=Attribute | |||
| 2 | range | present | average summer temperatures | 20 C | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from c=Location | ||||
| 3 | vary | can | 25 | with lingering; widely property | vn differ-23.4 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme with lingering=Co-Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Italy/239/