Italy, sentence 249
From Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Italy has 1,371 endemic plant species and subspecies, which include Sicilian fir, Barbaricina columbine, Sea marigold, Lavender cotton, and Ucriana violet.
Who acts: Italy, 1,371 endemic plant species · What happens: have, include · To what, where: 1,371 endemic plant species, Sicilian fir
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Italy». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Italy, 1,371 endemic plant species), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Italy | Italy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 has | nsubj |
| 2 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | 1,371 | 1,371 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 species | nummod |
| 4 | endemic | endemic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 species | compound |
| 5 | plant | plant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 species | compound |
| 6 | species | species | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 has | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 subspecies | cc |
| 8 | subspecies | subspecies | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 species | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 include | punct |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 include | nsubj |
| 11 | include | include | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 species | parataxis |
| 12 | Sicilian | Sicilian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 fir | amod |
| 13 | fir | fir | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 include | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 columbine | punct |
| 15 | Barbaricina | Barbaricina | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 columbine | compound |
| 16 | columbine | columbine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 fir | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 marigold | punct |
| 18 | Sea | Sea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 marigold | compound |
| 19 | marigold | marigold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 fir | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 cotton | punct |
| 21 | Lavender | lavender | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 cotton | compound |
| 22 | cotton | cotton | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 fir | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 violet | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 violet | cc |
| 25 | Ucriana | Ucriana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 violet | compound |
| 26 | violet | violet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 has | conj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 has | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Italy | 1,371 endemic plant species and subspecies | Ucriana violet conj | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent species=Patient | |||
| 2 | include | present | 1,371 endemic plant species and subspecies | Sicilian fir and Barbaricina columbine and Sea marigold and Lavender cotton | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fir=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Italy/249/