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Italy, sentence 320

From Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

The military history of Italy chronicles a vast time period, lasting from the military conflicts fought by the ancient peoples of Italy, most notably the conquest of the Mediterranean world by the ancient Romans, through the expansion of the Italian city-states and maritime republics during the medieval period and the involvement of the historical Italian states in the Italian Wars and the wars of succession, to the Napoleonic period, the Italian unification, the campaigns of the colonial empire, the two world wars, and into the modern day, with world peacekeeping operations under the aegis of NATO, the EU or the UN.

Who acts: military history, succession, colonial empire · What happens: chronicle, last, fight, expand, involve, war · To what, where: vast time period, conquest, military conflicts, Italian city states, historical Italian states

This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Italy». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (military history, succession, colonial empire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

The tree

detamodnsubjcasenmoddetamodcompoundobjpunctadvclcasedetamodoblaclcasedetamodoblcasenmodpunctadvmodadvmoddetoblcasedetcompoundnmodcasedetamodnmodpunctcasedetoblcasedetamodcompoundpunctnmodccamodconjcasedetamodoblccdetconjcasedetamodamodnmodcasedetamodnmodccdetconjcasenmodpunctcasedetcompoundnmodpunctdetamodappospunctdetapposcasedetamodnmodpunctdetnummodcompoundconjpunctcccasedetamodoblpunctcasecompoundcompoundapposcasedetnmodcasenmodpunctdetconjccdetconjpunctrootTheDETmilitaryADJhistoryNOUNofADPItalyPROPNchroniclesVERBaDETvastADJtimeNOUNperiodNOUN,PUNCTlastingVERBfromADPtheDETmilitaryADJconflictsNOUNfoughtVERBbyADPtheDETancientADJpeoplesNOUNofADPItalyPROPN,PUNCTmostADVnotablyADVtheDETconquestNOUNofADPtheDETMediterraneanPROPNworldNOUNbyADPtheDETancientADJRomansPROPN,PUNCTthroughADPtheDETexpansionNOUNofADPtheDETItalianADJcityNOUN-PUNCTstatesNOUNandCCONJmaritimeADJrepublicsNOUNduringADPtheDETmedievalADJperiodNOUNandCCONJtheDETinvolvementNOUNofADPtheDEThistoricalADJItalianADJstatesNOUNinADPtheDETItalianADJWarsPROPNandCCONJtheDETwarsNOUNofADPsuccessionNOUN,PUNCTtoADPtheDETNapoleonicPROPNperiodNOUN,PUNCTtheDETItalianADJunificationNOUN,PUNCTtheDETcampaignsNOUNofADPtheDETcolonialADJempireNOUN,PUNCTtheDETtwoNUMworldNOUNwarsNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJintoADPtheDETmodernADJdayNOUN,PUNCTwithADPworldNOUNpeacekeepingNOUNoperationsNOUNunderADPtheDETaegisNOUNofADPNATOPROPN,PUNCTtheDETEUPROPNorCCONJtheDETUNPROPN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 historydet
2militarymilitaryADJDegree=Pos3 historyamod
3historyhistoryNOUNNumber=Sing6 chroniclesnsubj
4ofofADP_5 Italycase
5ItalyItalyPROPNNumber=Sing3 historynmod
6chronicleschronicleVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
7aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art10 perioddet
8vastvastADJDegree=Pos10 periodamod
9timetimeNOUNNumber=Sing10 periodcompound
10periodperiodNOUNNumber=Sing6 chroniclesobj
11,,PUNCT_12 lastingpunct
12lastinglastVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part6 chroniclesadvcl
13fromfromADP_16 conflictscase
14thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art16 conflictsdet
15militarymilitaryADJDegree=Pos16 conflictsamod
16conflictsconflictNOUNNumber=Plur12 lastingobl
17foughtfightVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass16 conflictsacl
18bybyADP_21 peoplescase
19thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art21 peoplesdet
20ancientancientADJDegree=Pos21 peoplesamod
21peoplespeopleNOUNNumber=Plur17 foughtobl
22ofofADP_23 Italycase
23ItalyItalyPROPNNumber=Sing21 peoplesnmod
24,,PUNCT_28 conquestpunct
25mostmostADVDegree=Sup26 notablyadvmod
26notablynotablyADV_28 conquestadvmod
27thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art28 conquestdet
28conquestconquestNOUNNumber=Sing12 lastingobl
29ofofADP_32 worldcase
30thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art32 worlddet
31MediterraneanMediterraneanPROPNNumber=Sing32 worldcompound
32worldworldNOUNNumber=Sing28 conquestnmod
33bybyADP_36 Romanscase
34thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art36 Romansdet
35ancientancientADJDegree=Pos36 Romansamod
36RomansRomanPROPNNumber=Plur28 conquestnmod
37,,PUNCT_40 expansionpunct
38throughthroughADP_40 expansioncase
39thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art40 expansiondet
40expansionexpansionNOUNNumber=Sing12 lastingobl
41ofofADP_46 statescase
42thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art46 statesdet
43ItalianItalianADJDegree=Pos46 statesamod
44citycityNOUNNumber=Sing46 statescompound
45--PUNCT_46 statespunct
46statesstateNOUNNumber=Plur40 expansionnmod
47andandCCONJ_49 republicscc
48maritimemaritimeADJDegree=Pos49 republicsamod
49republicsrepublicNOUNNumber=Plur46 statesconj
50duringduringADP_53 periodcase
51thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art53 perioddet
52medievalmedievalADJDegree=Pos53 periodamod
53periodperiodNOUNNumber=Sing12 lastingobl
54andandCCONJ_56 involvementcc
55thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art56 involvementdet
56involvementinvolvementNOUNNumber=Sing53 periodconj
57ofofADP_61 statescase
58thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art61 statesdet
59historicalhistoricalADJDegree=Pos61 statesamod
60ItalianItalianADJDegree=Pos61 statesamod
61statesstateNOUNNumber=Plur56 involvementnmod
62ininADP_65 Warscase
63thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art65 Warsdet
64ItalianItalianADJDegree=Pos65 Warsamod
65WarsWarPROPNNumber=Plur61 statesnmod
66andandCCONJ_68 warscc
67thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art68 warsdet
68warswarNOUNNumber=Plur65 Warsconj
69ofofADP_70 successioncase
70successionsuccessionNOUNNumber=Sing68 warsnmod
71,,PUNCT_75 periodpunct
72totoADP_75 periodcase
73thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art75 perioddet
74NapoleonicNapoleonicPROPNNumber=Sing75 periodcompound
75periodperiodNOUNNumber=Sing65 Warsnmod
76,,PUNCT_79 unificationpunct
77thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art79 unificationdet
78ItalianItalianADJDegree=Pos79 unificationamod
79unificationunificationNOUNNumber=Sing75 periodappos
80,,PUNCT_82 campaignspunct
81thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art82 campaignsdet
82campaignscampaignNOUNNumber=Plur79 unificationappos
83ofofADP_86 empirecase
84thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art86 empiredet
85colonialcolonialADJDegree=Pos86 empireamod
86empireempireNOUNNumber=Sing82 campaignsnmod
87,,PUNCT_91 warspunct
88thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art91 warsdet
89twotwoNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card91 warsnummod
90worldworldNOUNNumber=Sing91 warscompound
91warswarNOUNNumber=Plur86 empireconj
92,,PUNCT_97 daypunct
93andandCCONJ_97 daycc
94intointoADP_97 daycase
95thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art97 daydet
96modernmodernADJDegree=Pos97 dayamod
97daydayNOUNNumber=Sing6 chroniclesobl
98,,PUNCT_102 operationspunct
99withwithADP_102 operationscase
100worldworldNOUNNumber=Sing101 peacekeepingcompound
101peacekeepingpeacekeepingNOUNNumber=Sing102 operationscompound
102operationsoperationNOUNNumber=Plur97 dayappos
103underunderADP_105 aegiscase
104thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art105 aegisdet
105aegisaegisNOUNNumber=Sing102 operationsnmod
106ofofADP_107 NATOcase
107NATONATOPROPNNumber=Sing105 aegisnmod
108,,PUNCT_110 EUpunct
109thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art110 EUdet
110EUEUPROPNNumber=Sing107 NATOconj
111ororCCONJ_113 UNcc
112thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art113 UNdet
113UNUNPROPNNumber=Sing107 NATOconj
114..PUNCT_6 chroniclespunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1chroniclepresentthe military history of Italya vast time perioddayvn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent period=Theme
2lastgerundthe military history of Italy not said herethe conquest of the Mediterranean world by the ancient Romansthe military conflictsduring the medieval period and the involvement of the historical Italian states in the Italian Wars to the Napoleonic period and the wars of successionthrough the expansion of the Italian city states and maritime republicsvn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme
3fightparticiplethe military conflicts not said hereby the ancient peoples of Italyvn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4expandthe Italian city states and maritime republicsnom expansion «act transitive»: of=patient
5involvethe historical Italian states in the Italian Wars to the Napoleonic period and the wars of successionnom involvement «act transitive»: of=patient
6warsuccessionnom war «act intransitive»: of=agent
7campaignthe colonial empire and the two world warsnom campaign «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: the English Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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