Italy, sentence 45
From Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Other ancient populations include the Rhaetian people and Camunni, known for their rock drawings in Valcamonica.
Who acts: Other ancient populations, peoples · What happens: include, know, draw · To what, where: Rhaetian people, Valcamonica
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Italy». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Other ancient populations, peoples), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 populations | amod |
| 2 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 populations | amod |
| 3 | populations | population | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 include | nsubj |
| 4 | include | include | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 people | det |
| 6 | Rhaetian | Rhaetian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 people | compound |
| 7 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 include | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 Camunni | cc |
| 9 | Camunni | Camunni | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 people | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 known | punct |
| 11 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 people | acl |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 15 drawings | case |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 drawings | nmod:poss |
| 14 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 drawings | compound |
| 15 | drawings | drawing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 known | obl |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 Valcamonica | case |
| 17 | Valcamonica | Valcamonica | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 drawings | nmod |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 include | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | include | present | Other ancient populations | the Rhaetian people and Camunni | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme | ||||
| 2 | know | participle | the Rhaetian people and Camunni not said here | for peoples's rock drawings in Valcamonica | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | draw | peoples = people | Valcamonica | nom drawing «communication intransitive»: poss=agent in=place |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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