Italy, sentence 545
From Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Artists such as Masaccio, Filippo Lippi, Tintoretto, Sandro Botticelli, Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, and Titian took painting to a higher level through the use of perspective.
Who acts: Artists · What happens: take, paint, use · To what, where: use, perspective
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Italy». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Artists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Artists | artist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 took | nsubj |
| 2 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 4 Masaccio | case |
| 3 | as | as | ADP | _ | 2 such | fixed |
| 4 | Masaccio | Masaccio | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Artists | nmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 Filippo | punct |
| 6 | Filippo | Filippo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Masaccio | conj |
| 7 | Lippi | Lippi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Filippo | flat |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 Tintoretto | punct |
| 9 | Tintoretto | Tintoretto | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Masaccio | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 Sandro | punct |
| 11 | Sandro | Sandro | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Masaccio | conj |
| 12 | Botticelli | Botticelli | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Sandro | flat |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 Leonardo | punct |
| 14 | Leonardo | Leonardo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Masaccio | conj |
| 15 | da | Da | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Leonardo | flat |
| 16 | Vinci | Vinci | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Leonardo | flat |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 Michelangelo | punct |
| 18 | Michelangelo | Michelangelo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Masaccio | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 Raphael | punct |
| 20 | Raphael | Raphael | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Masaccio | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 Titian | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 Titian | cc |
| 23 | Titian | titian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 Masaccio | conj |
| 24 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 25 | painting | paint | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 24 took | xcomp |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 29 level | case |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 level | det |
| 28 | higher | high | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 29 level | amod |
| 29 | level | level | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 painting | obl |
| 30 | through | through | ADP | _ | 32 use | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 use | det |
| 32 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 painting | obl |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 perspective | case |
| 34 | perspective | perspective | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 use | nmod |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 24 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | Artists such Masaccio and Filippo and Tintoretto and Sandro and Leonardo and Michelangelo and Raphael | vn require-103 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Precondition | |||||
| 2 | paint | gerund | Artists such Masaccio and Filippo and Tintoretto and Sandro and Leonardo and Michelangelo and Raphael not said here | the use of perspective | to a higher level | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent through use=Destination | |||
| 3 | use | perspective | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Italy/545/