Ivory Coast, sentence 39
From Wikipedia, «Ivory Coast», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The first human presence in Ivory Coast has been difficult to determine because human remains have not been well preserved in the country's humid climate.
Who acts: first human presence, country · What happens: be, determine, not preserve, acclimate · To what, where: human remains, humid climate
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ivory Coast». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first human presence, country), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 presence | det |
| 2 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 4 presence | amod |
| 3 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 presence | amod |
| 4 | presence | presence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 difficult | nsubj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 Coast | case |
| 6 | Ivory | Ivory | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Coast | compound |
| 7 | Coast | Coast | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 presence | nmod |
| 8 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 difficult | aux |
| 9 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 difficult | cop |
| 10 | difficult | difficult | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 determine | mark |
| 12 | determine | determine | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 difficult | csubj |
| 13 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 20 preserved | mark |
| 14 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 remains | amod |
| 15 | remains | remains | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 20 preserved | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 preserved | aux |
| 17 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 20 preserved | advmod |
| 18 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 preserved | aux:pass |
| 19 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 20 preserved | advmod |
| 20 | preserved | preserve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 determine | ccomp |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 climate | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 country | det |
| 23 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 climate | nmod:poss |
| 24 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 23 country | case |
| 25 | humid | humid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 climate | amod |
| 26 | climate | climate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 preserved | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 difficult | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present · perfect | the first human presence in Ivory Coast | difficult property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | determine | to-infinitive | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | not preserve | present · perfect · passive | human remains | the country's humid climate | well property | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary | |||
| 4 | acclimate | the country | nom climate «state intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Ivory Coast», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Ivory_Coast/39/