Jakarta, sentence 80
From Wikipedia, «Jakarta», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Historically, the area included extensive swamps, and seasonal flooding remains a recurrent problem.
Who acts: area, seasonal flooding · What happens: include, remain · To what, where: extensive swamps, recurrent problem
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Jakarta». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (area, seasonal flooding), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Historically | historically | ADV | _ | 5 included | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Historically | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 area | det |
| 4 | area | area | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 included | nsubj |
| 5 | included | include | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | extensive | extensive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 swamps | amod |
| 7 | swamps | swamp | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 included | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 remains | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 remains | cc |
| 10 | seasonal | seasonal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 flooding | amod |
| 11 | flooding | flooding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 remains | nsubj |
| 12 | remains | remain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 included | conj |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 problem | det |
| 14 | recurrent | recurrent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 problem | compound |
| 15 | problem | problem | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 remains | obj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 included | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | include | past | the area | extensive swamps | historically property | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent swamp=Theme | |||
| 2 | remain | present | seasonal flooding | a recurrent problem | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme problem=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Jakarta», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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