Jamaica, sentence 47
From Wikipedia, «Jamaica», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Battles at Ocho Rios in 1657 and the Rio Nuevo in 1658 resulted in Spanish defeats; in 1660 the Maroon community under the leadership of Juan de Bolas switched sides from the Spanish, and began supporting the English.
Who acts: Battles, Maroon community · What happens: result, switch, begin, support · To what, where: Spanish defeats, sides, 1660, English
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Jamaica». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Battles, Maroon community), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Battles | battle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 resulted | nsubj |
| 2 | at | at | ADP | _ | 4 Rios | case |
| 3 | Ocho | Ocho | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Rios | compound |
| 4 | Rios | Rios | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Battles | nmod |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 1657 | case |
| 6 | 1657 | 1657 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 Rios | nmod |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 Nuevo | cc |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Nuevo | det |
| 9 | Rio | Rio | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Nuevo | compound |
| 10 | Nuevo | Nuevo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Rios | conj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 1658 | case |
| 12 | 1658 | 1658 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 Nuevo | nmod |
| 13 | resulted | result | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 defeats | case |
| 15 | Spanish | Spanish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 defeats | amod |
| 16 | defeats | defeat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 resulted | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 switched | punct |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 1660 | case |
| 19 | 1660 | 1660 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 30 switched | obl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 community | det |
| 21 | Maroon | Maroon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 community | compound |
| 22 | community | community | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 switched | nsubj |
| 23 | under | under | ADP | _ | 25 leadership | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 leadership | det |
| 25 | leadership | leadership | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 community | nmod |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 Bolas | case |
| 27 | Juan | Juan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 Bolas | compound |
| 28 | de | de | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Juan | flat |
| 29 | Bolas | Bolas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 leadership | nmod |
| 30 | switched | switch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 resulted | parataxis |
| 31 | sides | side | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 switched | obj |
| 32 | from | from | ADP | _ | 34 Spanish | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 Spanish | det |
| 34 | Spanish | Spanish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 switched | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 began | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 began | cc |
| 37 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 switched | conj |
| 38 | supporting | support | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 37 began | xcomp |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 English | det |
| 40 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 supporting | obj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 resulted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | result | past | Battles at Ocho Rios in 1657 and the Rio Nuevo in 1658 | Spanish defeats | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in defeat=Location | ||||
| 2 | switch | past | the Maroon community under the leadership of Juan Bolas | sides | 1660 | from the Spanish | vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent side=Patient | ||
| 3 | begin | past | the Maroon community under the leadership of Juan Bolas not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | support | gerund | the Maroon community under the leadership of Juan Bolas not said here | the English | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer english=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Jamaica», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Jamaica/47/