Japan, sentence 143
From Wikipedia, «Japan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
As the host and signatory of the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, Japan is under treaty obligation to reduce its carbon dioxide emissions and to take other steps to curb climate change.
Who acts: Japan, obligation · What happens: be, reduce, take, curb, emit · To what, where: treaty obligation, dioxide emissions, other steps, climate change
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Japan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Japan, obligation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | _ | 3 host | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 host | det |
| 3 | host | host | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 obligation | obl |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 signatory | cc |
| 5 | signatory | signatory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 host | conj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 Protocol | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Protocol | det |
| 8 | 1997 | 1997 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 Protocol | nummod |
| 9 | Kyoto | Kyoto | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Protocol | compound |
| 10 | Protocol | Protocol | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 signatory | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 host | punct |
| 12 | Japan | Japan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 obligation | nsubj |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 obligation | cop |
| 14 | under | under | ADP | _ | 16 obligation | case |
| 15 | treaty | treaty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 obligation | compound |
| 16 | obligation | obligation | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 reduce | mark |
| 18 | reduce | reduce | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 obligation | acl |
| 19 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 emissions | nmod:poss |
| 20 | carbon | carbon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 dioxide | compound |
| 21 | dioxide | dioxide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 emissions | compound |
| 22 | emissions | emission | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 reduce | obj |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 take | cc |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 take | mark |
| 25 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 reduce | conj |
| 26 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 steps | amod |
| 27 | steps | step | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 take | obj |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 curb | mark |
| 29 | curb | curb | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 take | advcl |
| 30 | climate | climate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 change | compound |
| 31 | change | change | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 curb | obj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 obligation | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Japan | treaty obligation | as the host and signatory of the 1997 Kyoto Protocol | tree rules | |||
| 2 | reduce | to-infinitive | obligation's dioxide emissions | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer emission=Patient | |||||
| 3 | take | to-infinitive | other steps | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent step=Theme | |||||
| 4 | curb | to-infinitive | climate change | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent change=Patient | |||||
| 5 | emit | obligation | nom emission «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Japan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Japan/143/