Kazakhstan, sentence 268
From Wikipedia, «Kazakhstan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Major seas, lakes and rivers include Lake Balkhash, Lake Zaysan, the Charyn River and gorge, the Ili, Irtysh, Ishim, Ural and Syr Darya rivers, and the Aral Sea until it largely dried up in one of the world's worst environmental disasters.
Who acts: Major seas, Sea · What happens: include, dry up · To what, where: Lake rivers
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kazakhstan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Major seas, Sea), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Major | major | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 seas | amod |
| 2 | seas | sea | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 include | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 lakes | punct |
| 4 | lakes | lake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 seas | conj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 rivers | cc |
| 6 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 seas | conj |
| 7 | include | include | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | Lake | Lake | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 rivers | compound |
| 9 | Balkhash | Balkhash | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Lake | flat |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 Lake | punct |
| 11 | Lake | Lake | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Lake | conj |
| 12 | Zaysan | Zaysan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Lake | flat |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 River | punct |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 River | det |
| 15 | Charyn | Charyn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 River | compound |
| 16 | River | River | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Lake | conj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 gorge | cc |
| 18 | gorge | gorge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 Lake | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 Ili | punct |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Ili | det |
| 21 | Ili | Ili | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Lake | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 Irtysh | punct |
| 23 | Irtysh | Irtysh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Lake | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 Ishim | punct |
| 25 | Ishim | Ishim | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Lake | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 Ural | punct |
| 27 | Ural | Ural | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Lake | conj |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 Syr | cc |
| 29 | Syr | Syr | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Lake | conj |
| 30 | Darya | Darya | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 Syr | flat |
| 31 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 include | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 Sea | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 Sea | cc |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 Sea | det |
| 35 | Aral | Aral | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 Sea | compound |
| 36 | Sea | Sea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 include | obl |
| 37 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 40 dried | mark |
| 38 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 dried | nsubj |
| 39 | largely | largely | ADV | _ | 40 dried | advmod |
| 40 | dried | dry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 include | advcl |
| 41 | up | up | ADP | _ | 40 dried | compound:prt |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 one | case |
| 43 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 40 dried | obl |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 50 disasters | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 world | det |
| 46 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 disasters | nmod:poss |
| 47 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 46 world | case |
| 48 | worst | bad | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 50 disasters | amod |
| 49 | environmental | environmental | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 disasters | amod |
| 50 | disasters | disaster | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 one | nmod |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 include | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | include | present | Major seas and lakes and rivers | Lake rivers | the Aral Sea obl | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Theme | |||
| 2 | dry up | past | Sea | in one of the world's worst environmental disasters; largely property | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Kazakhstan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kazakhstan/268/