Kazakhstan, sentence 33
From Wikipedia, «Kazakhstan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Though Kazakh traditionally referred only to ethnic Kazakhs, including those living in China, Russia, Turkey, Uzbekistan, and other neighbouring countries, the term is increasingly being used to refer to any inhabitant of Kazakhstan, including residents of other ethnicities.
Who acts: Kazakh, other neighbouring countries · What happens: refer, use · To what, where: ethnic Kazakhs, term
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kazakhstan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kazakh, other neighbouring countries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Though | though | SCONJ | _ | 4 referred | mark |
| 2 | Kazakh | Kazakh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 referred | nsubj |
| 3 | traditionally | traditionally | ADV | _ | 4 referred | advmod |
| 4 | referred | refer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | only | only | ADV | _ | 8 Kazakhs | advmod |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 Kazakhs | case |
| 7 | ethnic | ethnic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 Kazakhs | amod |
| 8 | Kazakhs | kazakh | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 referred | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 living | punct |
| 10 | including | including | ADP | _ | 12 living | case |
| 11 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 12 living | det |
| 12 | living | living | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 Kazakhs | appos |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 China | case |
| 14 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 living | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 Russia | punct |
| 16 | Russia | Russia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 China | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 Turkey | punct |
| 18 | Turkey | Turkey | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 China | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 Uzbekistan | punct |
| 20 | Uzbekistan | Uzbekistan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 China | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 countries | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 countries | cc |
| 23 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 countries | amod |
| 24 | neighbouring | neighbouring | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 countries | amod |
| 25 | countries | country | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 referred | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 used | punct |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 term | det |
| 28 | term | term | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 used | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 used | aux:pass |
| 30 | increasingly | increasingly | ADV | _ | 32 used | advmod |
| 31 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 32 used | aux:pass |
| 32 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 countries | acl:relcl |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 refer | mark |
| 34 | refer | refer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 used | advcl |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 37 inhabitant | case |
| 36 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 37 inhabitant | det |
| 37 | inhabitant | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 refer | obl |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 Kazakhstan | case |
| 39 | Kazakhstan | Kazakhstan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 inhabitant | nmod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 residents | punct |
| 41 | including | including | ADP | _ | 42 residents | case |
| 42 | residents | resident | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 refer | obl |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 ethnicities | case |
| 44 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 ethnicities | amod |
| 45 | ethnicities | ethnicity | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 residents | nmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 referred | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | refer | past | Kazakh | ethnic Kazakhs | other neighbouring countries obl; traditionally property | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent kazakh=Theme | |||
| 2 | use | present · passive | other neighbouring countries not said here | the term | increasingly property | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||
| 3 | refer | to-infinitive | other neighbouring countries not said here | to any inhabitant of Kazakhstan; including residents of other ethnicities | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to inhabitant=Co-Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Kazakhstan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kazakhstan/33/