Kenya, sentence 240
From Wikipedia, «Kenya», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Ruto narrowly won the 2022 presidential election, defeating Odinga to become Kenya's fifth president.
Who acts: Ruto · What happens: win, defeat, become · To what, where: 2022 presidential election, Odinga, fifth president
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kenya». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ruto), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ruto | Ruto | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 won | nsubj |
| 2 | narrowly | narrowly | ADV | _ | 3 won | advmod |
| 3 | won | win | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 election | det |
| 5 | 2022 | 2022 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 election | nummod |
| 6 | presidential | presidential | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 election | amod |
| 7 | election | election | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 won | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 defeating | punct |
| 9 | defeating | defeat | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 won | advcl |
| 10 | Odinga | Odinga | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 defeating | obj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 become | mark |
| 12 | become | become | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 defeating | advcl |
| 13 | Kenya | Kenya | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 president | nmod:poss |
| 14 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 13 Kenya | case |
| 15 | fifth | fifth | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 president | amod |
| 16 | president | president | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 become | xcomp |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 won | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | win | past | Ruto | the 2022 presidential election | narrowly property | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent election=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | defeat | gerund | Ruto not said here | Odinga | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | become | to-infinitive | Ruto not said here | Kenya's fifth president | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Kenya», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kenya/240/