Kigali, sentence 83

From Wikipedia, «Kigali», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

Buildings that were heavily damaged during the fighting have been demolished, much of the city has been rebuilt, and modern office buildings and infrastructure now exist across the city.

Who acts: modern office buildings · What happens: damage, demolish, rebuild, exist · To what, where: Buildings, much, city

This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kigali». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (modern office buildings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Buildings	building	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 demolished	nsubj:pass
2	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 damaged	nsubj:pass
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 damaged	aux:pass
4	heavily	heavily	ADV	_	5 damaged	advmod
5	damaged	damage	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Buildings	acl:relcl
6	during	during	ADP	_	8 fighting	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 fighting	det
8	fighting	fighting	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 damaged	obl
9	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 demolished	aux
10	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	11 demolished	aux:pass
11	demolished	demolish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 rebuilt	punct
13	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 rebuilt	nsubj:pass
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 city	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 city	det
16	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 much	nmod
17	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 rebuilt	aux
18	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	19 rebuilt	aux:pass
19	rebuilt	rebuild	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 demolished	conj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 exist	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 exist	cc
22	modern	modern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 buildings	amod
23	office	office	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 buildings	compound
24	buildings	building	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 exist	nsubj
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 infrastructure	cc
26	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 buildings	conj
27	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	28 exist	advmod
28	exist	exist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 demolished	conj
29	across	across	ADP	_	31 city	case
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 city	det
31	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 exist	obl
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 demolished	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	damage	past · passive		Buildings		during the fighting	heavily property	vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	demolish	present · perfect · passive		Buildings				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer
3	rebuild	present · perfect · passive		much of the city				vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result
4	exist	present	modern office buildings and infrastructure		the city	now		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: the English Wikipedia, «Kigali», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kigali/83/

🌲 Kigali, sentence 83

The tree

Pragmatics

Kigali, sentence 83