Kinshasa, sentence 122
From Wikipedia, «Kinshasa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Beginning in June 1997, the new authorities ordered ex-FAZ to undergo political re-education at Kitona military base in Bas-Congo (now Kongo Central), and in their absence, soldiers from the newly formed FAC and RPA occupied military camps in Kinshasa, including CETA and Tshatshi, where they raped large numbers of women and girls, many of whom were family members of ex-FAZ soldiers.
Who acts: new authorities, ex-FAZ, soldiers, authorities · What happens: begin, order, undergo, form, occupy, rape · To what, where: ex-FAZ, political re-education, Kitona military base, military camps, absence, large numbers
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kinshasa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (new authorities, ex-FAZ, soldiers, authorities), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Beginning | begin | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 ordered | advcl |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 3 June | case |
| 3 | June | June | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Beginning | obl |
| 4 | 1997 | 1997 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 June | flat |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Beginning | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 authorities | det |
| 7 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 authorities | amod |
| 8 | authorities | authority | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 ordered | nsubj |
| 9 | ordered | order | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | ex-FAZ | ex-faz | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 ordered | obj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 undergo | mark |
| 12 | undergo | undergo | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 ordered | xcomp |
| 13 | political | political | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 re-education | amod |
| 14 | re-education | re-education | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 undergo | obj |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 18 base | case |
| 16 | Kitona | Kitona | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 base | compound |
| 17 | military | military | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 base | amod |
| 18 | base | base | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 undergo | obl |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 Bas | case |
| 20 | Bas | Bas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 base | nmod |
| 21 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 20 Bas | punct |
| 22 | Congo | Congo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Bas | flat |
| 23 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 25 Kongo | punct |
| 24 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 25 Kongo | advmod |
| 25 | Kongo | Kongo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Bas | appos |
| 26 | Central | Central | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Kongo | flat |
| 27 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 25 Kongo | punct |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 occupied | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 occupied | cc |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 absence | case |
| 31 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 absence | nmod:poss |
| 32 | absence | absence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 occupied | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 absence | punct |
| 34 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 occupied | nsubj |
| 35 | from | from | ADP | _ | 39 FAC | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 FAC | det |
| 37 | newly | newly | ADV | _ | 38 formed | advmod |
| 38 | formed | form | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 39 FAC | amod |
| 39 | FAC | FAC | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 soldiers | nmod |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 RPA | cc |
| 41 | RPA | RPA | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 FAC | conj |
| 42 | occupied | occupy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 ordered | conj |
| 43 | military | military | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 camps | amod |
| 44 | camps | camp | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 occupied | obj |
| 45 | in | in | ADP | _ | 46 Kinshasa | case |
| 46 | Kinshasa | Kinshasa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 camps | nmod |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 CETA | punct |
| 48 | including | including | ADP | _ | 49 CETA | case |
| 49 | CETA | CETA | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 camps | nmod |
| 50 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 Tshatshi | cc |
| 51 | Tshatshi | Tshatshi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 49 CETA | conj |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 raped | punct |
| 53 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 55 raped | advmod |
| 54 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 55 raped | nsubj |
| 55 | raped | rape | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 49 CETA | acl:relcl |
| 56 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 57 numbers | amod |
| 57 | numbers | number | NOUN | Number=Plur | 55 raped | obj |
| 58 | of | of | ADP | _ | 59 women | case |
| 59 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 57 numbers | nmod |
| 60 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 61 girls | cc |
| 61 | girls | girl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 59 women | conj |
| 62 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 68 members | punct |
| 63 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 68 members | amod |
| 64 | of | of | ADP | _ | 65 whom | case |
| 65 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 68 members | obl |
| 66 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 68 members | cop |
| 67 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 68 members | compound |
| 68 | members | member | NOUN | Number=Plur | 57 numbers | acl:relcl |
| 69 | of | of | ADP | _ | 71 soldiers | case |
| 70 | ex-FAZ | ex-faz | NOUN | Number=Sing | 71 soldiers | compound |
| 71 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 68 members | nmod |
| 72 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 ordered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | gerund | the new authorities not said here | june | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | order | past | the new authorities | ex-FAZ | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent ex-faz=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | undergo not said to happen | to-infinitive | ex-FAZ not said here | political re-education | Kitona military base in Bas | tree rules | |||
| 4 | form | participle | newly property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | occupy | past | soldiers from the formed FAC and RPA | military camps | authorities's absence | in Kinshasa; including CETA and Tshatshi | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus camp=Experiencer | ||
| 6 | rape | past | soldiers = soldier | large numbers of women and girls | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | is a | past | many family members | of large numbers of women and girls; of ex-FAZ soldiers | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | absent | authorities = authority | nom absence «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Kinshasa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kinshasa/122/