Kinshasa, sentence 51
From Wikipedia, «Kinshasa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The city was demarcated into two zones: the urban zone, comprising Léo II, Léo-Ouest, Kalina, Léo-I, or Léo-Est, and Ndolo; and the indigenous zone to the south.
Who acts: urban zone · What happens: demarcate, comprise · To what, where: city, two zones, Léo
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kinshasa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (urban zone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 city | det |
| 2 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 demarcated | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 demarcated | aux:pass |
| 4 | demarcated | demarcate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 zones | case |
| 6 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 zones | nummod |
| 7 | zones | zone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 demarcated | obl |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 zone | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 zone | det |
| 10 | urban | urban | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 zone | amod |
| 11 | zone | zone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 demarcated | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 comprising | punct |
| 13 | comprising | comprise | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 zone | acl |
| 14 | Léo | Léo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 comprising | obj |
| 15 | II | II | NUM | NumForm=Roman NumType=Card | 14 Léo | flat |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 Léo | punct |
| 17 | Léo | Léo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Léo | flat |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 Ouest | punct |
| 19 | Ouest | Ouest | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Léo | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 Kalina | punct |
| 21 | Kalina | Kalina | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Léo | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 Léo | punct |
| 23 | Léo | Léo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Léo | conj |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 I | punct |
| 25 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 Léo | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 Est | punct |
| 27 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 30 Est | cc |
| 28 | Léo | Léo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 Est | compound |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 Léo | punct |
| 30 | Est | Est | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Léo | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 Ndolo | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 Ndolo | cc |
| 33 | Ndolo | Ndolo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Léo | conj |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 zone | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 zone | cc |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 zone | det |
| 37 | indigenous | indigenous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 zone | amod |
| 38 | zone | zone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 demarcated | obl |
| 39 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 south | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 south | det |
| 41 | south | south | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 zone | nmod |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 demarcated | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | demarcate | past · passive | the city | two zones | the urban zone obl; the indigenous zone to the south obl | tree rules | |||
| 2 | comprise | gerund | the urban zone not said here | Léo I and Ouest and Kalina and Léo or Léo Est and Ndolo | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme léo=Pivot |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Kinshasa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kinshasa/51/