Kuala Lumpur, sentence 214
From Wikipedia, «Kuala Lumpur», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Historically, Kuala Lumpur was a predominantly Chinese city, although more recently the Bumiputera component of the city has grown substantially and they are now the dominant group.
Who acts: Kuala, Chinese city, city · What happens: be, grow, compose · To what, where: Chinese city, dominant group, city
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kuala Lumpur». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kuala, Chinese city, city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Historically | historically | ADV | _ | 9 city | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Historically | punct |
| 3 | Kuala | Kuala | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 city | nsubj |
| 4 | Lumpur | Lumpur | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Kuala | flat |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 city | cop |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 city | det |
| 7 | predominantly | predominantly | ADV | _ | 8 Chinese | advmod |
| 8 | Chinese | Chinese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 city | amod |
| 9 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 grown | nsubj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 component | punct |
| 11 | although | although | SCONJ | _ | 16 component | mark |
| 12 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 13 recently | advmod |
| 13 | recently | recently | ADV | _ | 16 component | advmod |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 component | det |
| 15 | Bumiputera | Bumiputera | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 component | compound |
| 16 | component | component | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 city | nmod |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 city | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 city | det |
| 19 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 component | nmod |
| 20 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 grown | aux |
| 21 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 22 | substantially | substantially | ADV | _ | 21 grown | advmod |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 group | cc |
| 24 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 group | nsubj |
| 25 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 group | cop |
| 26 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 29 group | advmod |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 group | det |
| 28 | dominant | dominant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 group | amod |
| 29 | group | group | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 grown | conj |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 21 grown | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | Kuala | a Chinese city | the Bumiputera component of the city nmod; historically property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | grow | present · perfect | a Chinese city | substantially property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | city | the dominant group | now | tree rules | |||
| 4 | compose | the city | nom component «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Kuala Lumpur», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kuala_Lumpur/214/