Kuala Lumpur, sentence 32
From Wikipedia, «Kuala Lumpur», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The indigenous Temuan people may have inhabited the area for some time, Chinese miners were known to be involved in tin mining up the Selangor River in the 1840s about 10 mi north of present-day Kuala Lumpur, and Mandailing Sumatrans led by Raja Asal and Sutan Puasa were also involved in tin mining and trade in the Ulu Klang region before 1860, and Sumatrans may have settled in the upper reaches of Klang River in the first quarter of the 19th century, or possibly earlier.
Who acts: Mandailing, upper · What happens: inhabit, know, be, mine up, mandail, lead · To what, where: indigenous Temuan people, Chinese miners, tin, Selangor River, 1840s, Sumatrans
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kuala Lumpur». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mandailing, upper), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 people | det |
| 2 | indigenous | indigenous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 people | amod |
| 3 | Temuan | Temuan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 people | compound |
| 4 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 inhabited | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 inhabited | aux |
| 6 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 7 inhabited | aux |
| 7 | inhabited | inhabit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 area | det |
| 9 | area | area | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 inhabited | obj |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 12 time | case |
| 11 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 12 time | det |
| 12 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 inhabited | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 known | punct |
| 14 | Chinese | Chinese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 miners | amod |
| 15 | miners | miner | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 known | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 known | aux:pass |
| 17 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 inhabited | conj |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 involved | mark |
| 19 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 20 involved | cop |
| 20 | involved | involved | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 known | xcomp |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 tin | case |
| 22 | tin | tin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 involved | obl |
| 23 | mining | mine | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 involved | acl |
| 24 | up | up | ADP | _ | 23 mining | compound:prt |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 River | det |
| 26 | Selangor | Selangor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 River | compound |
| 27 | River | River | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 mining | obj |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 1840s | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 1840s | det |
| 30 | 1840s | 1840 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 23 mining | obl |
| 31 | about | about | ADV | _ | 32 10 | advmod |
| 32 | 10 | 10 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 33 mi | nummod |
| 33 | mi | mi | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 1840s | nmod |
| 34 | north | north | ADV | _ | 33 mi | advmod |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 day | case |
| 36 | present | present | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 day | compound |
| 37 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 36 present | punct |
| 38 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 north | obl |
| 39 | Kuala | Kuala | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 day | appos |
| 40 | Lumpur | Lumpur | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 Kuala | flat |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 involved | punct |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 involved | cc |
| 43 | Mandailing | mandail | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 54 involved | csubj |
| 44 | Sumatrans | Sumatran | PROPN | Number=Plur | 43 Mandailing | obj |
| 45 | led | lead | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 44 Sumatrans | acl |
| 46 | by | by | ADP | _ | 47 Raja | case |
| 47 | Raja | Raja | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 led | obl:agent |
| 48 | Asal | Asal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 Raja | flat |
| 49 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 Sutan | cc |
| 50 | Sutan | Sutan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 Raja | conj |
| 51 | Puasa | Puasa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 50 Sutan | flat |
| 52 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 54 involved | cop |
| 53 | also | also | ADV | _ | 54 involved | advmod |
| 54 | involved | involved | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 inhabited | parataxis |
| 55 | in | in | ADP | _ | 57 mining | case |
| 56 | tin | tin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 mining | compound |
| 57 | mining | mining | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 involved | obl |
| 58 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 59 trade | cc |
| 59 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 mining | conj |
| 60 | in | in | ADP | _ | 64 region | case |
| 61 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 64 region | det |
| 62 | Ulu | Ulu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 64 region | compound |
| 63 | Klang | Klang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 62 Ulu | flat |
| 64 | region | region | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 mining | nmod |
| 65 | before | before | ADP | _ | 66 1860 | case |
| 66 | 1860 | 1860 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 inhabited | obl |
| 67 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 72 settled | punct |
| 68 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 72 settled | cc |
| 69 | Sumatrans | Sumatran | PROPN | Number=Plur | 72 settled | nsubj:pass |
| 70 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 72 settled | aux |
| 71 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 72 settled | aux |
| 72 | settled | settle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 inhabited | conj |
| 73 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 76 reaches | mark |
| 74 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 75 upper | det |
| 75 | upper | upper | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 76 reaches | nsubj |
| 76 | reaches | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 72 settled | advcl |
| 77 | of | of | ADP | _ | 79 River | case |
| 78 | Klang | Klang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 79 River | compound |
| 79 | River | River | PROPN | Number=Sing | 76 reaches | obl |
| 80 | in | in | ADP | _ | 83 quarter | case |
| 81 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 83 quarter | det |
| 82 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 83 quarter | amod |
| 83 | quarter | quarter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 76 reaches | obl |
| 84 | of | of | ADP | _ | 87 century | case |
| 85 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 87 century | det |
| 86 | 19th | 19th | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Combi NumType=Ord | 87 century | amod |
| 87 | century | century | NOUN | Number=Sing | 83 quarter | nmod |
| 88 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 91 earlier | punct |
| 89 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 91 earlier | cc |
| 90 | possibly | possibly | ADV | _ | 91 earlier | advmod |
| 91 | earlier | early | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 7 inhabited | advmod |
| 92 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 inhabited | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | inhabit | may · perfect · passive | the indigenous Temuan people | before 1860; time | the area obj; early property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | know | past · passive | Chinese miners | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | is | to-infinitive | tin | involved property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | mine up | gerund | the Selangor River | the 1840s 10 mi | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent river=Theme in 1840=Location | ||||
| 5 | mandail | gerund | Sumatrans | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | lead | participle | Sumatrans not said here | Raja and Sutan obl:agent | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition | ||||
| 7 | is | past | Mandailing | tin mining in the Ulu region and trade | involved property | tree rules | |||
| 8 | settle | may · perfect · passive | Sumatrans | vn odge-46-1 «NP V ADV»: subject=Location | |||||
| 9 | reach | present | the upper | the first quarter of the 19th century | of Klang River | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Kuala Lumpur», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kuala_Lumpur/32/