Kyiv, sentence 81
From Wikipedia, «Kyiv», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
At the time of the Lithuanian rule, the core of the city was located in Podil and there was a Lithuanian Kyiv Castle with 18 towers on the Zamkova Hora which served as a residence of Vladimir Olgerdovich, Grand Prince of Kyiv, and subsequently of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania (e.g. Vytautas).
Who acts: Zamkova Hora · What happens: locate, be, serve · To what, where: core, Podil, Lithuanian Kyiv Castle
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kyiv». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zamkova Hora), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 3 time | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 time | det |
| 3 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 located | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 rule | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 rule | det |
| 6 | Lithuanian | lithuanian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 rule | amod |
| 7 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 time | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 time | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 core | det |
| 10 | core | core | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 located | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 city | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 city | det |
| 13 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 core | nmod |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 located | aux:pass |
| 15 | located | locate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 Castle | advcl |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 Podil | case |
| 17 | Podil | Podil | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 located | obl |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 was | cc |
| 19 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 20 was | expl |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 Castle | cop |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 Castle | det |
| 22 | Lithuanian | lithuanian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 Castle | amod |
| 23 | Kyiv | Kyiv | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 Castle | compound |
| 24 | Castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 27 towers | case |
| 26 | 18 | 18 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 27 towers | nummod |
| 27 | towers | tower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 Castle | nmod |
| 28 | on | on | ADP | _ | 31 Hora | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 Hora | det |
| 30 | Zamkova | Zamkova | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 Hora | compound |
| 31 | Hora | hora | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 towers | nmod |
| 32 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 33 served | nsubj |
| 33 | served | serve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 Hora | acl:relcl |
| 34 | as | as | ADP | _ | 36 residence | case |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 residence | det |
| 36 | residence | residence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 served | obl |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 Vladimir | case |
| 38 | Vladimir | Vladimir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 residence | nmod |
| 39 | Olgerdovich | Olgerdovich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 Vladimir | flat |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 Prince | punct |
| 41 | Grand | Grand | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 Prince | amod |
| 42 | Prince | Prince | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 Vladimir | appos |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 Kyiv | case |
| 44 | Kyiv | Kyiv | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 Prince | nmod |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 Dukes | punct |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 Dukes | cc |
| 47 | subsequently | subsequently | ADV | _ | 51 Dukes | advmod |
| 48 | of | of | ADP | _ | 51 Dukes | case |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 Dukes | det |
| 50 | Grand | Grand | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 51 Dukes | amod |
| 51 | Dukes | Duke | PROPN | Number=Plur | 24 Castle | conj |
| 52 | of | of | ADP | _ | 53 Lithuania | case |
| 53 | Lithuania | Lithuania | PROPN | Number=Sing | 51 Dukes | nmod |
| 54 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 56 Vytautas | punct |
| 55 | e.g. | e.g. | ADV | _ | 56 Vytautas | advmod |
| 56 | Vytautas | Vytautas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 51 Dukes | appos |
| 57 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 56 Vytautas | punct |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 24 Castle | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | locate | past · passive | the core of the city | Podil | time | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is a | past | a Lithuanian Kyiv Castle and the Grand Dukes of Lithuania | with 18 towers on the Zamkova Hora; the Grand Dukes of Lithuania conj | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | serve | past | the Zamkova Hora | as a residence of Vladimir | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as residence=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Kyiv», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kyiv/81/