Laos, sentence 17
From Wikipedia, «Laos», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The terminal "s" in Laos was introduced by French colonial administrators in 1893 to pluralise the name across the former kingdoms of Luang Prabang, Vientiane, and Champasak.
Who acts: French colonial administrators · What happens: introduce, pluralise · To what, where: terminal, name, former kingdoms
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Laos». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (French colonial administrators), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 terminal | det |
| 2 | terminal | terminal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 introduced | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 s | punct |
| 4 | s | s | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 terminal | appos |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 s | punct |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 Laos | case |
| 7 | Laos | Laos | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 terminal | nmod |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 introduced | aux:pass |
| 9 | introduced | introduce | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 13 administrators | case |
| 11 | French | French | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 administrators | amod |
| 12 | colonial | colonial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 administrators | amod |
| 13 | administrators | administrator | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 introduced | obl |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 1893 | case |
| 15 | 1893 | 1893 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 administrators | nmod |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 pluralise | mark |
| 17 | pluralise | pluralise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 introduced | advcl |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 name | det |
| 19 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 pluralise | obj |
| 20 | across | across | ADP | _ | 23 kingdoms | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 kingdoms | det |
| 22 | former | former | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 kingdoms | amod |
| 23 | kingdoms | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 pluralise | obl |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 Prabang | case |
| 25 | Luang | Luang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Prabang | compound |
| 26 | Prabang | Prabang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 kingdoms | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 Vientiane | punct |
| 28 | Vientiane | Vientiane | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Prabang | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 Champasak | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 Champasak | cc |
| 31 | Champasak | Champasak | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Prabang | conj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 introduced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | introduce | past · passive | French colonial administrators in 1893 | the terminal in Laos | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | pluralise | to-infinitive | French colonial administrators in 1893 not said here | the name | the former kingdoms of Luang Prabang and Vientiane and Champasak | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Laos», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Laos/17/