Laos, sentence 86
From Wikipedia, «Laos», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Between 1964 and 1973, the US dropped more than 2 million tons of bombs on Laos, nearly as much as all the bombs dropped during World War II combined (American bombers dropped 2.1 million tons of bombs on Europe and Asia during World War II).
Who acts: US, bombs, American bombers · What happens: drop, combine · To what, where: million tons, Laos
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Laos». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (US, bombs, American bombers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Between | between | ADP | _ | 2 1964 | case |
| 2 | 1964 | 1964 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 8 dropped | obl |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 1973 | cc |
| 4 | 1973 | 1973 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 2 1964 | conj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 1964 | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 US | det |
| 7 | US | US | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 dropped | nsubj |
| 8 | dropped | drop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV | 12 million | advmod |
| 10 | than | than | ADP | _ | 9 more | fixed |
| 11 | 2 | 2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 12 million | compound |
| 12 | million | million | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 tons | nummod |
| 13 | tons | ton | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 dropped | obj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 bombs | case |
| 15 | bombs | bomb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 tons | nmod |
| 16 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 Laos | case |
| 17 | Laos | Laos | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 dropped | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 much | punct |
| 19 | nearly | nearly | ADV | _ | 21 much | advmod |
| 20 | as | as | ADV | _ | 21 much | advmod |
| 21 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 dropped | conj |
| 22 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 26 dropped | mark |
| 23 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 25 bombs | det:predet |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 bombs | det |
| 25 | bombs | bomb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 dropped | nsubj |
| 26 | dropped | drop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 much | advcl |
| 27 | during | during | ADP | _ | 29 War | case |
| 28 | World | World | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 War | compound |
| 29 | War | War | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 combined | obl |
| 30 | II | II | NUM | NumForm=Roman NumType=Card | 29 War | flat |
| 31 | combined | combine | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 dropped | advcl |
| 32 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 35 dropped | punct |
| 33 | American | American | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 bombers | amod |
| 34 | bombers | bomber | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 dropped | nsubj |
| 35 | dropped | drop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 combined | parataxis |
| 36 | 2.1 | 2.1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 37 million | compound |
| 37 | million | million | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 38 tons | nummod |
| 38 | tons | ton | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 dropped | obj |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 bombs | case |
| 40 | bombs | bomb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 tons | nmod |
| 41 | on | on | ADP | _ | 42 Europe | case |
| 42 | Europe | Europe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 bombs | nmod |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 Asia | cc |
| 44 | Asia | Asia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 Europe | conj |
| 45 | during | during | ADP | _ | 47 War | case |
| 46 | World | World | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 War | compound |
| 47 | War | War | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 dropped | obl |
| 48 | II | II | NUM | NumForm=Roman NumType=Card | 47 War | flat |
| 49 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 35 dropped | punct |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 dropped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drop | past | the US | million tons of bombs | Laos | between 1964 | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent ton=Theme between 1964=Destination on laos=Initial_Location | ||
| 2 | drop | past | all bombs | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | combine | past | all bombs not said here | during World War | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 4 | drop | past | American bombers | million tons of bombs on Europe and Asia | during World War | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ton=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Laos», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Laos/86/