Libreville, sentence 119
From Wikipedia, «Libreville», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
A regional stock exchange, the Bourse des Valeurs Mobilières de l'Afrique Centrale (BVMAC), has had its headquarters in Libreville since a 2019 merger of the Gabonese and Cameroonian regional exchanges, although trading volumes remain modest compared with those on the JSE or the NGX.
Who acts: regional stock exchange, trading volumes · What happens: de, have, remain, compare, merge · To what, where: Valeurs, headquarters, Libreville, Gabonese regional exchanges
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Libreville». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (regional stock exchange, trading volumes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 exchange | det |
| 2 | regional | regional | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 exchange | amod |
| 3 | stock | stock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 exchange | compound |
| 4 | exchange | exchange | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 des | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 exchange | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Bourse | det |
| 7 | Bourse | bourse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 des | nsubj |
| 8 | des | de | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | Valeurs | valeur | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 des | obj |
| 10 | Mobilières | Mobilières | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Valeurs | appos |
| 11 | de | de | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Mobilières | flat |
| 12 | l'Afrique | l'Afrique | X | Foreign=Yes | 10 Mobilières | dep |
| 13 | Centrale | Centrale | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Mobilières | flat |
| 14 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 15 BVMAC | punct |
| 15 | BVMAC | BVMAC | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Mobilières | appos |
| 16 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 15 BVMAC | punct |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 had | punct |
| 18 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 had | aux |
| 19 | had | have | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 des | parataxis |
| 20 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 headquarters | nmod:poss |
| 21 | headquarters | headquarters | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 19 had | obj |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 Libreville | case |
| 23 | Libreville | Libreville | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 had | obl |
| 24 | since | since | ADP | _ | 27 merger | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 merger | det |
| 26 | 2019 | 2019 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 27 merger | nummod |
| 27 | merger | merger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 had | obl |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 exchanges | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 exchanges | det |
| 30 | Gabonese | Gabonese | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 exchanges | compound |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 Cameroonian | cc |
| 32 | Cameroonian | Cameroonian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 Gabonese | conj |
| 33 | regional | regional | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 exchanges | amod |
| 34 | exchanges | exchange | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 merger | nmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 remain | punct |
| 36 | although | although | SCONJ | _ | 39 remain | mark |
| 37 | trading | trading | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 volumes | compound |
| 38 | volumes | volume | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 remain | nsubj |
| 39 | remain | remain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 had | conj |
| 40 | modest | mod | ADV | Degree=Sup | 41 compared | advmod |
| 41 | compared | compare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 39 remain | advcl |
| 42 | with | with | ADP | _ | 43 those | case |
| 43 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 41 compared | obl |
| 44 | on | on | ADP | _ | 46 JSE | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 JSE | det |
| 46 | JSE | JSE | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 those | nmod |
| 47 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 49 NGX | cc |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 NGX | det |
| 49 | NGX | NGX | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 JSE | conj |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 des | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | de | present | a regional stock exchange | Valeurs | the Bourse nsubj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | have | present · perfect | Bourse's headquarters | Libreville | since a 2019 merger of the Gabonese regional exchanges | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent headquarters=Patient | |||
| 3 | remain | present | trading volumes | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | compare | participle | trading volumes not said here | with those on the JSE or the NGX; mod property | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Patient with that=Co-Patient | ||||
| 5 | merge | the Gabonese regional exchanges | nom merger «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Libreville», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Libreville/119/