Lilongwe, sentence 26
From Wikipedia, «Lilongwe», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
(a) Old Town Primary Commercial Centre, comprising the twin established centres in Area 2 (Bwalonjobvu) and Area 3 (Kang'ombe) (b) City Centre, serving the Capital Hill sector (c) Kanengo Primary Commercial Centre in Area 25/2 (Bvunguti) (d) Lumbadzi Primary Commercial Centre, based on the established trading centre in Area 53/2 (Kalimbakatha).
Who acts: Old Commercial Centre · What happens: comprise, establish, serve, base · To what, where: twin, centres, Area, Hill sector, Bvunguti, established trading centre
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Lilongwe». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Old Commercial Centre), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 8 Centre | punct |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 Centre | det |
| 3 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 a | punct |
| 4 | Old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 Centre | amod |
| 5 | Town | Town | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Primary | compound |
| 6 | Primary | Primary | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Commercial | compound |
| 7 | Commercial | Commercial | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Centre | compound |
| 8 | Centre | Centre | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 established | nsubj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 comprising | punct |
| 10 | comprising | comprise | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 Centre | acl |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 twin | det |
| 12 | twin | twin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 comprising | obj |
| 13 | established | establish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | centres | centre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 established | obj |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 Area | case |
| 16 | Area | Area | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 centres | nmod |
| 17 | 2 | 2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 16 Area | flat |
| 18 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 19 Bwalonjobvu | punct |
| 19 | Bwalonjobvu | Bwalonjobvu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Area | appos |
| 20 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 19 Bwalonjobvu | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 Area | cc |
| 22 | Area | Area | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Area | conj |
| 23 | 3 | 3 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 22 Area | flat |
| 24 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 25 Kang'ombe | punct |
| 25 | Kang'ombe | Kang'ombe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Area | conj |
| 26 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 25 Kang'ombe | punct |
| 27 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 28 b | punct |
| 28 | b | b | NUM | _ | 25 Kang'ombe | flat |
| 29 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 25 Kang'ombe | punct |
| 30 | City | City | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 Centre | compound |
| 31 | Centre | Centre | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Kang'ombe | list |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 serving | punct |
| 33 | serving | serve | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 established | advcl |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 sector | det |
| 35 | Capital | Capital | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 Hill | compound |
| 36 | Hill | Hill | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 sector | compound |
| 37 | sector | sector | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 serving | obj |
| 38 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 39 c | punct |
| 39 | c | c | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 sector | appos |
| 40 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 39 c | punct |
| 41 | Kanengo | Kanengo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 Centre | compound |
| 42 | Primary | Primary | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 Kanengo | flat |
| 43 | Commercial | Commercial | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 Centre | compound |
| 44 | Centre | Centre | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 serving | obj |
| 45 | in | in | ADP | _ | 46 Area | case |
| 46 | Area | Area | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 serving | obl |
| 47 | 25/2 | 25/2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 46 Area | flat |
| 48 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 49 Bvunguti | punct |
| 49 | Bvunguti | Bvunguti | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 Area | conj |
| 50 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 49 Bvunguti | punct |
| 51 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 52 d | punct |
| 52 | d | D | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 Bvunguti | appos |
| 53 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 52 d | punct |
| 54 | Lumbadzi | Lumbadzi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 55 Primary | compound |
| 55 | Primary | Primary | PROPN | Number=Sing | 57 Centre | compound |
| 56 | Commercial | Commercial | PROPN | Number=Sing | 57 Centre | compound |
| 57 | Centre | Centre | PROPN | Number=Sing | 49 Bvunguti | conj |
| 58 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 59 based | punct |
| 59 | based | base | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 49 Bvunguti | acl |
| 60 | on | on | ADP | _ | 64 centre | case |
| 61 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 64 centre | det |
| 62 | established | establish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 64 centre | amod |
| 63 | trading | trading | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 centre | compound |
| 64 | centre | centre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 based | obl |
| 65 | in | in | ADP | _ | 66 Area | case |
| 66 | Area | Area | PROPN | Number=Sing | 64 centre | nmod |
| 67 | 53/2 | 53/2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 66 Area | flat |
| 68 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 69 Kalimbakatha | punct |
| 69 | Kalimbakatha | Kalimbakatha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 66 Area | appos |
| 70 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 69 Kalimbakatha | punct |
| 71 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 established | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | comprise | gerund | a Old Commercial Centre not said here | the twin | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme twin=Pivot | ||||
| 2 | establish | past | a Old Commercial Centre | centres | Area and Area and Kang'ombe City Centre | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent centre=Patient | |||
| 3 | serve | gerund | a Old Commercial Centre not said here | the Hill sector | Area and Bvunguti and Primary Commercial Centre | Kanengo Commercial Centre obj | tree rules | ||
| 4 | base | participle | Bvunguti and Primary Commercial Centre not said here | the established trading centre in Area | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent on centre=Source | ||||
| 5 | establish | participle | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Lilongwe», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Lilongwe/26/