Lima, sentence 35
From Wikipedia, «Lima», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Outside the shield are the initials I and K (Ioana and Karolus), which are the names of Queen Joanna and her son Charles V. A star is placed above the letters and two crowned sabre-faced eagles embracing them, which hold the coat of arms.
Who acts: K, names, two crowned faced eagles · What happens: be, place, crown, embrace, hold · To what, where: initials, names, star, letters, coat
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Lima». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (K, names, two crowned faced eagles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Outside | outside | ADP | _ | 3 shield | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 shield | det |
| 3 | shield | shield | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 initials | obl |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 initials | cop |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 initials | det |
| 6 | initials | initial | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 7 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 K | nsubj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 K | cc |
| 9 | K | K | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 initials | appos |
| 10 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 11 Ioana | punct |
| 11 | Ioana | Ioana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 K | appos |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 Karolus | cc |
| 13 | Karolus | Karolus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Ioana | conj |
| 14 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 11 Ioana | punct |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 names | punct |
| 16 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 names | nsubj |
| 17 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 names | cop |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 names | det |
| 19 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 K | appos |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 Joanna | case |
| 21 | Queen | Queen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Joanna | nmod:desc |
| 22 | Joanna | Joanna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 names | nmod |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 son | cc |
| 24 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 son | nmod:poss |
| 25 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 Joanna | conj |
| 26 | Charles | Charles | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Joanna | appos |
| 27 | V. | V. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Charles | flat |
| 28 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 star | det |
| 29 | star | star | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 placed | nsubj:pass |
| 30 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 placed | aux:pass |
| 31 | placed | place | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 names | acl:relcl |
| 32 | above | above | ADP | _ | 34 letters | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 letters | det |
| 34 | letters | letter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 placed | obl |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 eagles | cc |
| 36 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 41 eagles | nummod |
| 37 | crowned | crown | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 eagles | amod |
| 38 | sabre | sabre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 faced | compound |
| 39 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 38 sabre | punct |
| 40 | faced | faced | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 eagles | amod |
| 41 | eagles | eagle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 letters | conj |
| 42 | embracing | embrace | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 41 eagles | acl |
| 43 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 embracing | obj |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 hold | punct |
| 45 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 46 hold | nsubj |
| 46 | hold | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 eagles | conj |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 coat | det |
| 48 | coat | coat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 hold | obj |
| 49 | of | of | ADP | _ | 50 arms | case |
| 50 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 coat | nmod |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 initials | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the initials | outside the shield; K I appos | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | K I | the names | of Joanna Queen and Joanna's son | tree rules | |||
| 3 | place | present · passive | the names not said here | a star | the letters and two crowned faced eagles | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme above letter=Destination | |||
| 4 | crown | participle | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | embrace | gerund | two crowned faced eagles not said here | letters = letter | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Co-Agent | ||||
| 6 | hold | present | two crowned faced eagles | the coat of arms | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coat=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Lima», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Lima/35/