Ljubljana, sentence 241
From Wikipedia, «Ljubljana», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Living in Ljubljana had a profound impact on his work; he considered Ljubljana the capital of all Slovenes, not only because of its central position in the heart of the Slovene lands, but also because it always had an essentially Slovene character.
Who acts: Living, Ljubljana, position · What happens: live, have, consider, work · To what, where: Ljubljana, profound impact, work, Slovene character
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ljubljana». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Living, Ljubljana, position), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Living | live | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 had | csubj |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 3 Ljubljana | case |
| 3 | Ljubljana | Ljubljana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Living | obl |
| 4 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 impact | det |
| 6 | profound | profound | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 impact | amod |
| 7 | impact | impact | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 had | obj |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 work | case |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 work | nmod:poss |
| 10 | work | work | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 impact | nmod |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 considered | punct |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 considered | nsubj |
| 13 | considered | consider | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 had | parataxis |
| 14 | Ljubljana | Ljubljana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 considered | obj |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 capital | det |
| 16 | capital | capital | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 considered | xcomp |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 Slovenes | case |
| 18 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 19 Slovenes | det |
| 19 | Slovenes | slovene | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 capital | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 position | punct |
| 21 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 27 position | advmod |
| 22 | only | only | ADV | _ | 27 position | advmod |
| 23 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 27 position | case |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 because | fixed |
| 25 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 position | nmod:poss |
| 26 | central | central | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 position | amod |
| 27 | position | position | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 Slovenes | appos |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 heart | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 heart | det |
| 30 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 position | nmod |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 lands | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 lands | det |
| 33 | Slovene | Slovene | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 lands | compound |
| 34 | lands | land | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 heart | nmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 had | punct |
| 36 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 41 had | cc |
| 37 | also | also | ADV | _ | 41 had | advmod |
| 38 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 41 had | mark |
| 39 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 had | nsubj |
| 40 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 41 had | advmod |
| 41 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 considered | conj |
| 42 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 character | det |
| 43 | essentially | essentially | ADV | _ | 45 character | advmod |
| 44 | Slovene | slovene | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 character | compound |
| 45 | character | character | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 had | obj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | gerund | Ljubljana | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in ljubljana=Location | |||||
| 2 | have | past | Living | a profound impact | Ljubljana's work | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent impact=Patient | |||
| 3 | consider | past | Ljubljana | Ljubljana | the capital of all Slovenes xcomp | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent ljubljana=Attribute | |||
| 4 | have | past | position | a Slovene character | always property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent character=Patient | |||
| 5 | work | Ljubljana | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Ljubljana», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Ljubljana/241/