Luanda, sentence 37
From Wikipedia, «Luanda», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
By 1850, Luanda was one of the greatest and most developed Portuguese cities in the vast Portuguese Empire outside continental Portugal, full of trading companies, exporting (together with Benguela) palm and peanut oil, wax, copal, timber, ivory, cotton, coffee, and cocoa, among many other products.
Who acts: Luanda · What happens: be, develop, export · To what, where: one, palm, cocoa
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Luanda». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Luanda), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 2 1850 | case |
| 2 | 1850 | 1850 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 one | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 1850 | punct |
| 4 | Luanda | Luanda | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 one | nsubj |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 one | cop |
| 6 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 53 cocoa | nsubj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 cities | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 cities | det |
| 9 | greatest | great | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 14 cities | amod |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 cities | cc |
| 11 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 12 developed | advmod |
| 12 | developed | develop | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 cities | amod |
| 13 | Portuguese | portuguese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 cities | amod |
| 14 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 one | nmod |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 Empire | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 Empire | det |
| 17 | vast | vast | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 Empire | amod |
| 18 | Portuguese | Portuguese | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Empire | compound |
| 19 | Empire | Empire | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 cities | nmod |
| 20 | outside | outside | ADV | _ | 22 Portugal | advmod |
| 21 | continental | continental | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 Portugal | amod |
| 22 | Portugal | Portugal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Empire | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 full | punct |
| 24 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 cities | amod |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 companies | case |
| 26 | trading | trading | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 companies | compound |
| 27 | companies | company | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 full | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 exporting | punct |
| 29 | exporting | export | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 one | acl:relcl |
| 30 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 31 together | punct |
| 31 | together | together | ADV | _ | 29 exporting | advmod |
| 32 | with | with | ADP | _ | 33 Benguela | case |
| 33 | Benguela | Benguela | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 exporting | obl |
| 34 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 29 exporting | punct |
| 35 | palm | palm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 exporting | obj |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 oil | cc |
| 37 | peanut | peanut | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 oil | compound |
| 38 | oil | oil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 palm | conj |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 wax | punct |
| 40 | wax | wax | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 palm | conj |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 copal | punct |
| 42 | copal | copal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 wax | appos |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 timber | punct |
| 44 | timber | timber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 copal | conj |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 ivory | punct |
| 46 | ivory | ivory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 copal | conj |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 cotton | punct |
| 48 | cotton | cotton | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 copal | conj |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 coffee | punct |
| 50 | coffee | coffee | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 palm | conj |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 cocoa | punct |
| 52 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 53 cocoa | cc |
| 53 | cocoa | cocoa | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 products | punct |
| 55 | among | among | ADP | _ | 58 products | case |
| 56 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 58 products | amod |
| 57 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 58 products | amod |
| 58 | products | product | NOUN | Number=Plur | 53 cocoa | conj |
| 59 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 53 cocoa | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | Luanda | one | by 1850; of the greatest developed Portuguese cities in the vast Portuguese Empire and continental Portugal | tree rules | |||
| 2 | develop | participle | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | export | gerund | palm and peanut oil and wax and coffee | with Benguela; together property | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent palm=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Luanda», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Luanda/37/