Madagascar, sentence 45
From Wikipedia, «Madagascar», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
In 1905, Charles Basset wrote in his doctoral thesis that Malagasikara was the way the island was referred to by its natives, who emphasized that they were Malagasy, and not Madagasy.
Who acts: Charles Basset, natives, Malagasikara · What happens: write, refer, emphasize, be · To what, where: Madagasy, 1905, Malagasikara, Malagasy
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Madagascar». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Charles Basset, natives, Malagasikara), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 1905 | case |
| 2 | 1905 | 1905 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 wrote | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 1905 | punct |
| 4 | Charles | Charles | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Basset | compound |
| 5 | Basset | basset | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 wrote | nsubj |
| 6 | wrote | write | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 thesis | case |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 thesis | nmod:poss |
| 9 | doctoral | doctoral | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 thesis | amod |
| 10 | thesis | thesis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 wrote | obl |
| 11 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 referred | obj |
| 12 | Malagasikara | Malagasikara | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 referred | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 referred | aux:pass |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 way | det |
| 15 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 referred | obl:unmarked |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 island | det |
| 17 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 referred | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 referred | aux:pass |
| 19 | referred | refer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 thesis | acl:relcl |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 referred | obl |
| 21 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 natives | case |
| 22 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 natives | nmod:poss |
| 23 | natives | native | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 referred | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 emphasized | punct |
| 25 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 emphasized | nsubj |
| 26 | emphasized | emphasize | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 natives | acl:relcl |
| 27 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 30 Malagasy | mark |
| 28 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 Malagasy | nsubj |
| 29 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 Malagasy | cop |
| 30 | Malagasy | Malagasy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 emphasized | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 Madagasy | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 Madagasy | cc |
| 33 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 34 Madagasy | advmod |
| 34 | Madagasy | Madagasy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 wrote | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 wrote | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | write | past | Charles Basset | Madagasy | 1905 | in Basset's doctoral thesis | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in 1905=Destination | ||
| 2 | refer | past · passive | island's natives | Malagasikara | the way obl:unmarked; Basset's doctoral thesis obj; the island nsubj:pass | tree rules | |||
| 3 | emphasize | past | island's natives | vn promote-102 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is a | past | Malagasikara | Malagasy | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Madagascar», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Madagascar/45/