Manama, sentence 146
From Wikipedia, «Manama», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Many tracks previously laid in the pre-oil era (prior to the 1930s) were resurfaced and widened, turning them into 'road arteries'.
Who acts: Many tracks · What happens: lay, resurface, widen, turn · To what, where: pre-oil era, tracks, road arteries
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Manama». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many tracks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 tracks | amod |
| 2 | tracks | track | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 laid | nsubj |
| 3 | previously | previously | ADV | _ | 4 laid | advmod |
| 4 | laid | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 era | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 era | det |
| 7 | pre-oil | pre-oil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 era | compound |
| 8 | era | era | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 laid | obl |
| 9 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 10 prior | punct |
| 10 | prior | prior | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 16 resurfaced | mark |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 1930s | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 1930s | det |
| 13 | 1930s | 1930 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 10 prior | obl |
| 14 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 10 prior | punct |
| 15 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 resurfaced | aux:pass |
| 16 | resurfaced | resurface | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 era | acl:relcl |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 widened | cc |
| 18 | widened | widen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 resurfaced | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 turning | punct |
| 20 | turning | turn | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 laid | advcl |
| 21 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 turning | obj |
| 22 | into | into | ADP | _ | 25 arteries | case |
| 23 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 25 arteries | punct |
| 24 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 arteries | compound |
| 25 | arteries | artery | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 turning | obl |
| 26 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 25 arteries | punct |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 laid | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lay | past | Many tracks | the pre-oil era | previously property | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in era=Destination | |||
| 2 | resurface | past · passive | the pre-oil era not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | widen | participle | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 4 | turn | gerund | Many tracks not said here | tracks = track | road arteries | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent they=Theme into artery=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Manama», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Manama/146/