Metro Manila, sentence 41

From Wikipedia, «Metro Manila», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

By 1511, Luzonians had been carrying out large-scale trade at least within maritime Southeast Asia with Luzonians being hired as officials in Melaka and merchants gaining royal favors in Brunei.

Who acts: Luzonians, officials, merchants · What happens: carry out, hire, gain · To what, where: scale trade, least, Luzonians, royal favors

This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Metro Manila». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Luzonians, officials, merchants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	2 1511	case
2	1511	1511	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 Luzonians	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 1511	punct
4	Luzonians	Luzonian	PROPN	Number=Plur	7 carrying	nsubj
5	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 carrying	aux
6	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	7 carrying	aux
7	carrying	carry	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
8	out	out	ADP	_	7 carrying	compound:prt
9	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 scale	amod
10	-	-	PUNCT	_	9 large	punct
11	scale	scale	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 trade	compound
12	trade	trade	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 carrying	obj
13	at	at	ADP	_	14 least	case
14	least	least	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 carrying	obl
15	within	within	ADP	_	18 Asia	case
16	maritime	maritime	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 Asia	amod
17	Southeast	Southeast	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 Asia	compound
18	Asia	Asia	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 least	obl
19	with	with	SCONJ	_	22 hired	mark
20	Luzonians	Luzonian	PROPN	Number=Plur	22 hired	nsubj
21	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	22 hired	aux:pass
22	hired	hire	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 carrying	advcl
23	as	as	ADP	_	24 officials	case
24	officials	official	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 hired	obl:agent
25	in	in	ADP	_	26 Melaka	case
26	Melaka	Melaka	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 officials	nmod
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 merchants	cc
28	merchants	merchant	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 officials	conj
29	gaining	gain	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	28 merchants	acl
30	royal	royal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 favors	amod
31	favors	favor	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 gaining	obj
32	in	in	ADP	_	33 Brunei	case
33	Brunei	Brunei	PROPN	Number=Sing	29 gaining	obl
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 carrying	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	carry out	past · perfect · progressive	Luzonians	scale trade	least within maritime Southeast Asia		vn act-114 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trade=Eventuality
2	hire	gerund · passive	officials in Melaka and merchants	Luzonians			vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
3	gain	gerund	merchants not said here	royal favors		in Brunei	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient favor=Extent in brunei=Attribute

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: the English Wikipedia, «Metro Manila», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Metro_Manila/41/

🌲 Metro Manila, sentence 41

The tree

Pragmatics

Metro Manila, sentence 41