Mexico City, sentence 297
From Wikipedia, «Mexico City», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
In 1854 president Antonio López de Santa Anna enlarged the area of Mexico City almost eightfold from the original 220 to 1700 sqkm, annexing the rural and mountainous areas to secure the strategic mountain passes to the south and southwest to protect the city in the event of a foreign invasion.
Who acts: Antonio, annexing · What happens: enlarge, annex, secure, pass, protect · To what, where: area, 1854, rural areas, strategic mountain, south, city
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Mexico City». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Antonio, annexing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 1854 | case |
| 2 | 1854 | 1854 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 enlarged | obl |
| 3 | president | president | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 Antonio | nmod:desc |
| 4 | Antonio | Antonio | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 enlarged | nsubj |
| 5 | López | López | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Antonio | flat |
| 6 | de | de | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Antonio | flat |
| 7 | Santa | Santa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Antonio | flat |
| 8 | Anna | Anna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Santa | flat |
| 9 | enlarged | enlarge | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 area | det |
| 11 | area | area | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 enlarged | obj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 City | case |
| 13 | Mexico | Mexico | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 City | compound |
| 14 | City | City | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 area | nmod |
| 15 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 16 eightfold | advmod |
| 16 | eightfold | eightfold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 area | amod |
| 17 | from | from | ADP | _ | 23 sqkm | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 sqkm | det |
| 19 | original | original | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 sqkm | amod |
| 20 | 220 | 220 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 23 sqkm | nummod |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 1700 | case |
| 22 | 1700 | 1700 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 20 220 | nmod |
| 23 | sqkm | sqkm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 eightfold | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 annexing | punct |
| 25 | annexing | annex | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 36 passes | csubj |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 areas | det |
| 27 | rural | rural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 areas | amod |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 mountainous | cc |
| 29 | mountainous | mountainous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 rural | conj |
| 30 | areas | area | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 annexing | obj |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 secure | mark |
| 32 | secure | secure | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 annexing | advcl |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 mountain | det |
| 34 | strategic | strategic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 mountain | amod |
| 35 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 secure | obj |
| 36 | passes | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 enlarged | parataxis |
| 37 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 south | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 south | det |
| 39 | south | south | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 passes | obl |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 southwest | cc |
| 41 | southwest | southwest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 south | conj |
| 42 | to | to | PART | _ | 43 protect | mark |
| 43 | protect | protect | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 passes | advcl |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 city | det |
| 45 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 protect | obj |
| 46 | in | in | ADP | _ | 48 event | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 event | det |
| 48 | event | event | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 protect | obl |
| 49 | of | of | ADP | _ | 52 invasion | case |
| 50 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 52 invasion | det |
| 51 | foreign | foreign | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 invasion | amod |
| 52 | invasion | invasion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 event | nmod |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 enlarged | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | enlarge | past | Antonio president | the area of Mexico City | 1854 | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent area=Patient | |||
| 2 | annex | gerund | the rural areas | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent area=Theme | |||||
| 3 | secure | to-infinitive | the strategic mountain | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition mountain=Theme | |||||
| 4 | pass | present | annexing | the south and southwest | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to south=Initial_Location | ||||
| 5 | protect | to-infinitive | annexing not said here | the city | the event of a foreign invasion | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Mexico City», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Mexico_City/297/