Moldova, sentence 192
From Wikipedia, «Moldova», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Since 2022, the army has begun a process of modernisation, and has been provided with more than €87 million in support for the modernisation of the defence sector and the strengthening of security through the European Peace Facility.
Who acts: army · What happens: begin, provide, strengthen, process, modernise · To what, where: process, support, modernisation, defence sector
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Moldova». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (army), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Since | since | ADP | _ | 2 2022 | case |
| 2 | 2022 | 2022 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 begun | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 2022 | punct |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 army | det |
| 5 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 begun | nsubj |
| 6 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 begun | aux |
| 7 | begun | begin | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 process | det |
| 9 | process | process | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 begun | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 modernisation | case |
| 11 | modernisation | modernisation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 process | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 provided | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 provided | cc |
| 14 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 provided | aux |
| 15 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 16 provided | aux:pass |
| 16 | provided | provide | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 begun | conj |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 million | case |
| 18 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV | 22 million | advmod |
| 19 | than | than | ADP | _ | 18 more | fixed |
| 20 | € | € | SYM | Number=Sing | 22 million | compound |
| 21 | 87 | 87 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 22 million | compound |
| 22 | million | million | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 provided | obl |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 support | case |
| 24 | support | support | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 provided | obl |
| 25 | for | for | ADP | _ | 27 modernisation | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 modernisation | det |
| 27 | modernisation | modernisation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 support | nmod |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 sector | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 sector | det |
| 30 | defence | defence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 sector | compound |
| 31 | sector | sector | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 modernisation | nmod |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 strengthening | cc |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 strengthening | det |
| 34 | strengthening | strengthen | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 support | conj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 security | case |
| 36 | security | security | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 strengthening | obl |
| 37 | through | through | ADP | _ | 41 Facility | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 Facility | det |
| 39 | European | European | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 Facility | amod |
| 40 | Peace | Peace | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 Facility | compound |
| 41 | Facility | facility | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 strengthening | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 begun | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | present · perfect | the army | a process of modernisation | since 2022 | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent process=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | provide | present · perfect · passive | the army not said here | support for the modernisation of the defence sector | with € 87 million | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-2 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: with million=Theme | |||
| 3 | strengthen | gerund | the army not said here | of security; through the European Peace Facility | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent through facility=Instrument | ||||
| 4 | process | modernisation | nom process «act transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 5 | modernise | the defence sector | nom modernisation «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Moldova», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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