Montenegro, sentence 3
From Wikipedia, «Montenegro», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
It is bordered by Serbia to the northeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Kosovo to the east, Albania to the southeast, and Croatia to the west, and has a coastline along the Adriatic Sea to the southwest.
Who acts: Serbia · What happens: border, have · To what, where: population, coastline
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Montenegro». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Serbia), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 bordered | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 bordered | aux:pass |
| 3 | bordered | border | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 5 Serbia | case |
| 5 | Serbia | Serbia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 bordered | obl |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 northeast | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 northeast | det |
| 8 | northeast | northeast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 bordered | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 Bosnia | punct |
| 10 | Bosnia | Bosnia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 northeast | appos |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 Herzegovina | cc |
| 12 | Herzegovina | Herzegovina | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Bosnia | conj |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 northwest | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 northwest | det |
| 15 | northwest | northwest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 bordered | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 Kosovo | punct |
| 17 | Kosovo | Kosovo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 northwest | appos |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 east | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 east | det |
| 20 | east | east | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 Kosovo | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 Albania | punct |
| 22 | Albania | Albania | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Kosovo | conj |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 southeast | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 southeast | det |
| 25 | southeast | southeast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 bordered | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 Croatia | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 Croatia | cc |
| 28 | Croatia | Croatia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 bordered | obl |
| 29 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 west | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 west | det |
| 31 | west | west | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 Croatia | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 has | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 has | cc |
| 34 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 bordered | conj |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 coastline | det |
| 36 | coastline | coastline | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 has | obj |
| 37 | along | along | ADP | _ | 40 Sea | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 Sea | det |
| 39 | Adriatic | Adriatic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 Sea | compound |
| 40 | Sea | Sea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 coastline | nmod |
| 41 | to | to | ADP | _ | 43 southwest | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 southwest | det |
| 43 | southwest | southwest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 coastline | nmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 bordered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | border | present · passive | Serbia | population | to the northeast; to the northwest; to the southeast; Croatia to the west obl | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Co-Theme | |||
| 2 | have | present | Serbia not said here | a coastline | along the Adriatic Sea; to the southwest | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coastline=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Montenegro», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Montenegro/3/