Namibia, sentence 46
From Wikipedia, «Namibia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
In 1897, a rinderpest epidemic caused massive cattle die-offs of an estimated 95% of cattle in southern and central Namibia.
Who acts: rinderpest epidemic · What happens: cause, estimate · To what, where: massive cattle die offs, 1897
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Namibia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rinderpest epidemic), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 1897 | case |
| 2 | 1897 | 1897 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 caused | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 1897 | punct |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 epidemic | det |
| 5 | rinderpest | rinderpest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 epidemic | compound |
| 6 | epidemic | epidemic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 caused | nsubj |
| 7 | caused | cause | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | massive | massive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 offs | amod |
| 9 | cattle | cattle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 offs | amod |
| 10 | die | die | NOUN | _ | 12 offs | compound |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 die | punct |
| 12 | offs | off | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 caused | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 % | case |
| 14 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 % | det |
| 15 | estimated | estimate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 % | amod |
| 16 | 95 | 95 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 17 % | nummod |
| 17 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 12 offs | nmod |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 cattle | case |
| 19 | cattle | cattle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 % | nmod |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 Namibia | case |
| 21 | southern | southern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 Namibia | amod |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 central | cc |
| 23 | central | central | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 southern | conj |
| 24 | Namibia | Namibia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 cattle | nmod |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 caused | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cause | past | a rinderpest epidemic | massive cattle die offs | 1897 | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition off=Patient | |||
| 2 | estimate | participle | vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Namibia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Namibia/46/