Nepal, sentence 159
From Wikipedia, «Nepal», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
In the lower hills (700 m – 2,000 m), subtropical and temperate deciduous mixed forests containing mostly Sal (in the lower altitudes), Chilaune and Katus, as well as subtropical pine forest dominated by chir pine are common.
Who acts: deciduous mixed forests · What happens: temperate, mix, contain, dominate, be · To what, where: Sal, subtropical pine forest, lower hills
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Nepal». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (deciduous mixed forests), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 hills | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 hills | det |
| 3 | lower | low | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 4 hills | amod |
| 4 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 5 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 7 m | punct |
| 6 | 700 | 700 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 m | nummod |
| 7 | m | m | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 hills | appos |
| 8 | – | – | SYM | ExtPos=ADP | 10 m | cc |
| 9 | 2,000 | 2000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 m | nummod |
| 10 | m | m | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 m | conj |
| 11 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 7 m | punct |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 subtropical | punct |
| 13 | subtropical | subtropical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 hills | conj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 temperate | cc |
| 15 | temperate | temperate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 subtropical | conj |
| 16 | deciduous | deciduous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 forests | amod |
| 17 | mixed | mix | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 forests | amod |
| 18 | forests | forest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 common | nsubj |
| 19 | containing | contain | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 forests | acl |
| 20 | mostly | mostly | ADV | _ | 21 Sal | advmod |
| 21 | Sal | Sal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 containing | obl |
| 22 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 26 altitudes | punct |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 altitudes | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 altitudes | det |
| 25 | lower | low | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 26 altitudes | amod |
| 26 | altitudes | altitude | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 Sal | appos |
| 27 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 26 altitudes | punct |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 Chilaune | punct |
| 29 | Chilaune | Chilaune | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 Sal | conj |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 Katus | cc |
| 31 | Katus | Katus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 Sal | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 forest | punct |
| 33 | as | as | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 38 forest | cc |
| 34 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 33 as | fixed |
| 35 | as | as | ADP | _ | 38 forest | case |
| 36 | subtropical | subtropical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 forest | amod |
| 37 | pine | pine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 forest | compound |
| 38 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 forests | conj |
| 39 | dominated | dominate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 forest | acl |
| 40 | by | by | ADP | _ | 42 pine | case |
| 41 | chir | chir | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 pine | compound |
| 42 | pine | pine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 dominated | obl:agent |
| 43 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 common | cop |
| 44 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 temperate | ccomp |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 hills | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | temperate | present | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | mix | participle | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | contain | gerund | deciduous mixed forests as subtropical pine forest not said here | Sal and Chilaune and Katus | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot | ||||
| 4 | dominate | participle | subtropical pine forest not said here | chir pine obl:agent | vn contiguous_location-47.8-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | is | present | deciduous mixed forests as subtropical pine forest | common property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Nepal», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Nepal/159/