Niamey, sentence 52
From Wikipedia, «Niamey», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The first chief, a commoner named Bagniou, was unpopular as he had been a guide for the Voulet–Chanoine Mission, and the chiefdom of Karma protested losing autonomy to the new canton; it was replaced by the Canton of Karma in 1908.
Who acts: first chief, Bagniou, chiefdom, Canton · What happens: name, be, protest, lose, replace · To what, where: commoner, guide, autonomy, Canton, 1908
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Niamey». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first chief, Bagniou, chiefdom, Canton), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 chief | det |
| 2 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 3 chief | amod |
| 3 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 unpopular | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 commoner | punct |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 commoner | det |
| 6 | commoner | commoner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 chief | conj |
| 7 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 commoner | acl |
| 8 | Bagniou | Bagniou | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 named | xcomp |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 chief | punct |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 unpopular | cop |
| 11 | unpopular | unpopular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 12 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 17 guide | mark |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 guide | nsubj |
| 14 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 guide | aux |
| 15 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 guide | cop |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 guide | det |
| 17 | guide | guide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 unpopular | advcl |
| 18 | for | for | ADP | _ | 23 Mission | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 Mission | det |
| 20 | Voulet | Voulet | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Chanoine | compound |
| 21 | – | – | PUNCT | _ | 22 Chanoine | punct |
| 22 | Chanoine | Chanoine | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 Mission | compound |
| 23 | Mission | Mission | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 guide | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 protested | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 protested | cc |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 chiefdom | det |
| 27 | chiefdom | chiefdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 protested | nsubj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 Karma | case |
| 29 | Karma | Karma | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 chiefdom | nmod |
| 30 | protested | protest | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 unpopular | parataxis |
| 31 | losing | lose | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 30 protested | xcomp |
| 32 | autonomy | autonomy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 losing | obj |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 36 canton | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 canton | det |
| 35 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 canton | amod |
| 36 | canton | canton | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 losing | obl |
| 37 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 replaced | punct |
| 38 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 replaced | nsubj:pass |
| 39 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 replaced | aux:pass |
| 40 | replaced | replace | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 unpopular | conj |
| 41 | by | by | ADP | _ | 43 Canton | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 Canton | det |
| 43 | Canton | Canton | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 replaced | obl |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 Karma | case |
| 45 | Karma | Karma | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 Canton | nmod |
| 46 | in | in | ADP | _ | 47 1908 | case |
| 47 | 1908 | 1908 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 40 replaced | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 unpopular | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | name | participle | a commoner not said here | Bagniou xcomp | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is | past | the first chief and a commoner | unpopular property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is a | past · perfect | Bagniou | a guide | for the Chanoine Mission | tree rules | |||
| 4 | protest speech: disagree | past | the chiefdom of Karma | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | lose | gerund | the chiefdom of Karma not said here | autonomy | to the new canton | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent autonomy=Eventuality | |||
| 6 | replace | past · passive | the Canton of Karma | Canton | 1908 | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Co-Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Niamey», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niamey/52/