Nigeria, sentence 212
From Wikipedia, «Nigeria», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
At the time, it was the most expensive election ever to be held on the African continent (being surpassed only by the elections of 2019 and 2023).
Who acts: tenure, elections · What happens: be, hold, surpass · To what, where: expensive election, African continent
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Nigeria». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tenure, elections), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 3 time | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 time | det |
| 3 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 election | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 time | punct |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 election | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 election | cop |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 election | det |
| 8 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 9 expensive | advmod |
| 9 | expensive | expensive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 election | amod |
| 10 | election | election | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 11 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 14 held | advmod |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 held | mark |
| 13 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 14 held | aux:pass |
| 14 | held | hold | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 election | acl:relcl |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 18 continent | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 continent | det |
| 17 | African | African | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 continent | amod |
| 18 | continent | continent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 held | obl |
| 19 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 21 surpassed | punct |
| 20 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 surpassed | aux:pass |
| 21 | surpassed | surpass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 continent | acl |
| 22 | only | only | ADV | _ | 25 elections | advmod |
| 23 | by | by | ADP | _ | 25 elections | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 elections | det |
| 25 | elections | election | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 surpassed | obl |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 2019 | case |
| 27 | 2019 | 2019 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 25 elections | nmod |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 2023 | cc |
| 29 | 2023 | 2023 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 27 2019 | conj |
| 30 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 21 surpassed | punct |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 election | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | tenure | the expensive election | time | tree rules | |||
| 2 | hold | to-infinitive · passive | the African continent | ever | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: on continent=Location | ||||
| 3 | surpass | gerund · passive | the elections of 2019 | the African continent not said here | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Nigeria», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Nigeria/212/