Nigeria, sentence 488
From Wikipedia, «Nigeria», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
A 2017 World Bank report on logistics hubs in Africa placed the country in fourth place, behind Côte d'Ivoire, Senegal, and Sao Tome, but in 2021, Nigeria joined the World Logistics Passport, a private sector group working to increase the efficiency of global trade.
Who acts: Bank report, Nigeria, private sector group · What happens: hub, place, join, work, increase · To what, where: country, Africa, Logistics Passport, 2021, efficiency
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Nigeria». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bank report, Nigeria, private sector group), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 report | det |
| 2 | 2017 | 2017 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 World | nummod |
| 3 | World | World | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Bank | compound |
| 4 | Bank | Bank | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 report | compound |
| 5 | report | report | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 hubs | nsubj |
| 6 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 logistics | case |
| 7 | logistics | logistic | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 report | nmod |
| 8 | hubs | hub | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 Africa | case |
| 10 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 placed | obl |
| 11 | placed | place | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 hubs | ccomp |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 country | det |
| 13 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 placed | obj |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 place | case |
| 15 | fourth | fourth | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 16 place | amod |
| 16 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 placed | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 d'Ivoire | punct |
| 18 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 20 d'Ivoire | case |
| 19 | Côte | Côte | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 d'Ivoire | compound |
| 20 | d'Ivoire | d'Ivoire | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 placed | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 Senegal | punct |
| 22 | Senegal | Senegal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 d'Ivoire | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 Sao | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 Sao | cc |
| 25 | Sao | Sao | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 hubs | parataxis |
| 26 | Tome | Tome | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Sao | flat |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 joined | punct |
| 28 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 33 joined | cc |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 2021 | case |
| 30 | 2021 | 2021 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 33 joined | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 2021 | punct |
| 32 | Nigeria | Nigeria | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 joined | nsubj |
| 33 | joined | join | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 hubs | conj |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 Passport | det |
| 35 | World | World | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 Logistics | compound |
| 36 | Logistics | Logistic | PROPN | Number=Plur | 37 Passport | compound |
| 37 | Passport | Passport | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 joined | obj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 group | punct |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 group | det |
| 40 | private | private | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 group | amod |
| 41 | sector | sector | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 group | compound |
| 42 | group | group | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 Passport | appos |
| 43 | working | work | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 42 group | acl |
| 44 | to | to | PART | _ | 45 increase | mark |
| 45 | increase | increase | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 working | advcl |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 efficiency | det |
| 47 | efficiency | efficiency | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 increase | obj |
| 48 | of | of | ADP | _ | 50 trade | case |
| 49 | global | global | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 trade | amod |
| 50 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 efficiency | nmod |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 hubs | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hub | present | a Bank report on logistics | Sao parataxis | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | place | past | a Bank report on logistics not said here | the country | Africa | in fourth place; behind Côte d'Ivoire and Senegal | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent country=Theme in africa=Destination | ||
| 3 | join | past | Nigeria | the Logistics Passport | 2021 | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent passport=Patient | |||
| 4 | work | gerund | a private sector group not said here | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | increase | to-infinitive | a private sector group not said here | the efficiency of global trade | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer efficiency=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Nigeria», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Nigeria/488/