Nigeria, sentence 99
From Wikipedia, «Nigeria», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
As the British approached the city of Sokoto, Sultan Muhammadu Attahiru I organised a quick defence of the city and fought the advancing British-led forces.
Who acts: British, Sultan · What happens: approach, organise, fight, advance, lead, defend · To what, where: city, quick defence, advancing led forces
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Nigeria». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (British, Sultan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 4 approached | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 British | det |
| 3 | British | British | PROPN | _ | 4 approached | nsubj |
| 4 | approached | approach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 organised | advcl |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 city | det |
| 6 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 approached | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 Sokoto | case |
| 8 | Sokoto | Sokoto | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 city | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 approached | punct |
| 10 | Sultan | Sultan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 organised | nsubj |
| 11 | Muhammadu | Muhammadu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Sultan | flat |
| 12 | Attahiru | Attahiru | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Sultan | flat |
| 13 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 organised | nsubj |
| 14 | organised | organise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 defence | det |
| 16 | quick | quick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 defence | amod |
| 17 | defence | defence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 organised | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 city | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 city | det |
| 20 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 defence | nmod |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 fought | cc |
| 22 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 organised | conj |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 forces | det |
| 24 | advancing | advance | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 28 forces | amod |
| 25 | British | British | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 led | compound |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 British | punct |
| 27 | led | lead | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 forces | amod |
| 28 | forces | force | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 fought | obj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 organised | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | approach | past | the British | the city of Sokoto | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Theme | ||||
| 2 | organise | past | Sultan | a quick defence of the city | I nsubj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | fight | past | Sultan not said here | the advancing led forces | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent force=Co-Agent | ||||
| 4 | advance | gerund | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 5 | lead | participle | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition | ||||||
| 6 | defend | the city | nom defence «process transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Nigeria», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Nigeria/99/