Niue, sentence 121
From Wikipedia, «Niue», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Niue has operated as a self-governing state in free association with New Zealand since 3 September 1974, when the people endorsed the Constitution in a plebiscite.
Who acts: Niue, people · What happens: operate, govern, endorse · To what, where: Constitution, plebiscite
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Niue». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Niue, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Niue | Niue | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 operated | nsubj |
| 2 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 operated | aux |
| 3 | operated | operate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | as | as | ADP | _ | 9 state | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 state | det |
| 6 | self | self | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 governing | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 self | punct |
| 8 | governing | govern | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 state | amod |
| 9 | state | state | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 operated | obl |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 association | case |
| 11 | free | free | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 association | amod |
| 12 | association | association | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 state | nmod |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 Zealand | case |
| 14 | New | New | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 Zealand | flat |
| 15 | Zealand | Zealand | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 association | nmod |
| 16 | since | since | ADP | _ | 17 3 | case |
| 17 | 3 | 3 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 operated | obl |
| 18 | September | September | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 3 | nmod:unmarked |
| 19 | 1974 | 1974 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 17 3 | flat |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 endorsed | punct |
| 21 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 24 endorsed | advmod |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 people | det |
| 23 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 endorsed | nsubj |
| 24 | endorsed | endorse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 operated | conj |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 Constitution | det |
| 26 | Constitution | Constitution | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 endorsed | obj |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 plebiscite | case |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 plebiscite | det |
| 29 | plebiscite | plebiscite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 endorsed | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 operated | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | operate | present · perfect | Niue | since 3 September | as a governing state in free association with New Zealand | vn function-105.2.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | govern | gerund | self compound | vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | endorse | past | the people | the Constitution | a plebiscite | vn allow-64.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent constitution=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Niue», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niue/121/