North Macedonia, sentence 10
From Wikipedia, «North Macedonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The area remained part of the Byzantine Empire, but was often raided and settled by Slavic tribes beginning in the 6th century CE.
Who acts: area, Slavic tribes · What happens: remain, raid, settle, begin · To what, where: part, 6th century CE
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «North Macedonia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (area, Slavic tribes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 area | det |
| 2 | area | area | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 remained | nsubj |
| 3 | remained | remain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 remained | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 Empire | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Empire | det |
| 7 | Byzantine | Byzantine | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Empire | compound |
| 8 | Empire | Empire | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 part | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 raided | punct |
| 10 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 raided | cc |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 raided | aux:pass |
| 12 | often | often | ADV | _ | 13 raided | advmod |
| 13 | raided | raid | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 remained | parataxis |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 settled | cc |
| 15 | settled | settle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 raided | conj |
| 16 | by | by | ADP | _ | 18 tribes | case |
| 17 | Slavic | slavic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 tribes | amod |
| 18 | tribes | tribe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 settled | obl |
| 19 | beginning | begin | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 tribes | acl |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 CE | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 CE | det |
| 22 | 6th | 6th | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Combi NumType=Ord | 24 CE | amod |
| 23 | century | century | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 CE | compound |
| 24 | CE | ce | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 beginning | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 remained | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | remain | past | the area | part of the Byzantine Empire | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme part=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | raid | past · passive | often property | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V» | |||||
| 3 | settle | participle | by Slavic tribes | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | begin | gerund | Slavic tribes not said here | the 6th century CE | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «North Macedonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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