North Macedonia, sentence 242
From Wikipedia, «North Macedonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The native forest fauna is abundant and includes bears, wild boars, wolves, foxes, squirrels, chamois and deer.
Who acts: native forest fauna · What happens: be, include · To what, where: bears
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «North Macedonia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (native forest fauna), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 fauna | det |
| 2 | native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 fauna | amod |
| 3 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fauna | compound |
| 4 | fauna | fauna | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 abundant | nsubj |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 abundant | cop |
| 6 | abundant | abundant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 includes | cc |
| 8 | includes | include | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 abundant | conj |
| 9 | bears | bear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 includes | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 boars | punct |
| 11 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 boars | amod |
| 12 | boars | boar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 bears | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 wolves | punct |
| 14 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 bears | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 foxes | punct |
| 16 | foxes | fox | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 bears | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 squirrels | punct |
| 18 | squirrels | squirrel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 bears | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 chamois | punct |
| 20 | chamois | chamois | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 bears | conj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 deer | cc |
| 22 | deer | deer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 bears | conj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 abundant | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the native forest fauna | abundant property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | include | present | the native forest fauna not said here | bears and wild boars and wolves and foxes and squirrels and chamois and deer | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bear=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «North Macedonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/North_Macedonia/242/