North Macedonia, sentence 335
From Wikipedia, «North Macedonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The Ministry of Defence develops the Republic's defence strategy and assesses possible threats and risks.
Who acts: Ministry · What happens: develop, assess · To what, where: defence strategy, possible threats
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «North Macedonia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ministry), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Ministry | det |
| 2 | Ministry | Ministry | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 develops | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Defence | case |
| 4 | Defence | Defence | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Ministry | nmod |
| 5 | develops | develop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Republic | det |
| 7 | Republic | Republic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 strategy | nmod:poss |
| 8 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 7 Republic | case |
| 9 | defence | defence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 strategy | compound |
| 10 | strategy | strategy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 develops | obj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 assesses | cc |
| 12 | assesses | assess | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 develops | conj |
| 13 | possible | possible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 threats | amod |
| 14 | threats | threat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 assesses | obj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 risks | cc |
| 16 | risks | risk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 threats | conj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 develops | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | develop | present | the Ministry of Defence | the Republic's defence strategy | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent strategy=Product | ||||
| 2 | assess | present | the Ministry of Defence not said here | possible threats and risks | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent threat=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «North Macedonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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