North Macedonia, sentence 358
From Wikipedia, «North Macedonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Furthermore, the country's grey market is estimated at close to 20% of GDP.
Who acts: country · What happens: estimate, market · To what, where: grey market
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «North Macedonia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (country), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Furthermore | furthermore | ADV | _ | 9 estimated | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Furthermore | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 country | det |
| 4 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 market | nmod:poss |
| 5 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 4 country | case |
| 6 | grey | grey | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 market | amod |
| 7 | market | market | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 estimated | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 estimated | aux:pass |
| 9 | estimated | estimate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 10 | at | at | ADP | _ | 11 close | case |
| 11 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 estimated | xcomp |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 % | case |
| 13 | 20 | 20 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 14 % | nummod |
| 14 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 11 close | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 GDP | case |
| 16 | GDP | GDP | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 % | nmod |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 estimated | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | estimate | present · passive | the country's grey market | close, furthermore property | vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V NP.value»: subject=Value | ||||
| 2 | market | the country | nom market «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «North Macedonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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