Oslo, sentence 3
From Wikipedia, «Oslo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The municipality of Oslo had a population of 724290 in 2025, while the city's greater urban area had a population of 1,110,887 in 2025, and the metropolitan area had an estimated population of 1546706 in 2021.
Who acts: municipality, greater urban area, metropolitan area · What happens: have, estimate · To what, where: population, estimated population
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Oslo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (municipality, greater urban area, metropolitan area), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 municipality | det |
| 2 | municipality | municipality | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 had | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Oslo | case |
| 4 | Oslo | Oslo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 municipality | nmod |
| 5 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 population | det |
| 7 | population | population | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 had | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 724290 | case |
| 9 | 724290 | 724290 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 population | nmod |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 2025 | case |
| 11 | 2025 | 2025 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 724290 | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 had | punct |
| 13 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 20 had | mark |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 city | det |
| 15 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 area | nmod:poss |
| 16 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 15 city | case |
| 17 | greater | great | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 19 area | amod |
| 18 | urban | urban | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 area | amod |
| 19 | area | area | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 had | nsubj |
| 20 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 had | conj |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 population | det |
| 22 | population | population | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 had | obj |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 1,110,887 | case |
| 24 | 1,110,887 | 1,110,887 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 22 population | nmod |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 2025 | case |
| 26 | 2025 | 2025 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 24 1,110,887 | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 had | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 had | cc |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 area | det |
| 30 | metropolitan | metropolitan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 area | compound |
| 31 | area | area | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 had | nsubj |
| 32 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 had | conj |
| 33 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 population | det |
| 34 | estimated | estimate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 population | amod |
| 35 | population | population | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 had | obj |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 1546706 | case |
| 37 | 1546706 | 1546706 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 35 population | nmod |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 2021 | case |
| 39 | 2021 | 2021 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 37 1546706 | nmod |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | the municipality of Oslo | a population of 724290 in 2025 | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent population=Patient | ||||
| 2 | have | past | the city's greater urban area | a population of 1,110,887 in 2025 | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent population=Patient | ||||
| 3 | have | past | the metropolitan area | a estimated population of 1546706 in 2021 | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent population=Patient | ||||
| 4 | estimate | participle | vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Oslo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Oslo/3/