Papua New Guinea, sentence 537

From Wikipedia, «Papua New Guinea», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

Indigenous languages are classified into two large groups, Austronesian languages and Papuan, although "Papuan" is a group of convenience for local non-Austronesian languages, rather than defining any linguistic relationships.

Who acts: Papuan · What happens: classify, be, define · To what, where: Indigenous languages, two large groups, group, linguistic relationships

This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Papua New Guinea». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Papuan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Indigenous	indigenous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 languages	amod
2	languages	language	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 classified	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 classified	aux:pass
4	classified	classify	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	into	into	ADP	_	8 groups	case
6	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 groups	nummod
7	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 groups	amod
8	groups	group	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 classified	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 languages	punct
10	Austronesian	austronesian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 languages	amod
11	languages	language	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 groups	conj
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 Papuan	cc
13	Papuan	Papuan	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 groups	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 group	punct
15	although	although	SCONJ	_	21 group	mark
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	17 Papuan	punct
17	Papuan	Papuan	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 group	nsubj
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	17 Papuan	punct
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 group	cop
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 group	det
21	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 classified	obl
22	of	of	ADP	_	23 convenience	case
23	convenience	convenience	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 group	nmod
24	for	for	ADP	_	27 languages	case
25	local	local	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 languages	amod
26	non-Austronesian	non-austronesian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 languages	amod
27	languages	language	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 classified	obl
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 defining	punct
29	rather	rather	ADV	ExtPos=CCONJ	31 defining	cc
30	than	than	ADP	_	29 rather	fixed
31	defining	define	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 classified	conj
32	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	34 relationships	det
33	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 relationships	amod
34	relationships	relationship	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 defining	obj
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 classified	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	classify	present · passive		Indigenous languages	into two large groups and Austronesian languages and Papuan goal; for local non-Austronesian languages	vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP PP.goal»: subject=Theme into group=Goal
2	is a	present	Papuan	a group	of convenience	tree rules
3	define	gerund		any linguistic relationships		vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent relationship=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: the English Wikipedia, «Papua New Guinea», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Papua_New_Guinea/537/

🌲 Papua New Guinea, sentence 537

The tree

Pragmatics

Papua New Guinea, sentence 537