Paraguay, sentence 200
From Wikipedia, «Paraguay», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The absence of mountain ranges to provide a natural barrier allows winds to develop speeds as high as 161 km/h.
Who acts: absence, winds · What happens: provide, allow, develop, absent · To what, where: natural barrier, winds, speeds, mountain ranges
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Paraguay». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (absence, winds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 absence | det |
| 2 | absence | absence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 allows | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 ranges | case |
| 4 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 ranges | compound |
| 5 | ranges | range | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 absence | nmod |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 provide | mark |
| 7 | provide | provide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 absence | acl |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 barrier | det |
| 9 | natural | natural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 barrier | amod |
| 10 | barrier | barrier | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 provide | obj |
| 11 | allows | allow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | winds | wind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 allows | obj |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 develop | mark |
| 14 | develop | develop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 allows | xcomp |
| 15 | speeds | speed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 develop | obj |
| 16 | as | as | ADV | _ | 17 high | advmod |
| 17 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 develop | xcomp |
| 18 | as | as | ADP | _ | 20 km/h | case |
| 19 | 161 | 161 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 20 km/h | nummod |
| 20 | km/h | km/h | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 high | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 allows | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | provide | to-infinitive | the absence of mountain ranges not said here | a natural barrier | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition barrier=Theme | ||||
| 2 | allow | present | the absence of mountain ranges | winds | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Causer wind=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | develop not said to happen | to-infinitive | winds not said here | speeds | high property | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speed=Product | |||
| 4 | absent | mountain ranges | nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Paraguay», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Paraguay/200/