Paris, sentence 236
From Wikipedia, «Paris», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The district of the Paris region was renamed "Île-de-France" in 1977, but this abbreviated "Paris region" name is still commonly used today to describe the Île-de-France, and as a vague reference to the entire Paris agglomeration.
Who acts: abbreviated name · What happens: rename, abbreviate, be, use, describe · To what, where: district, 1977, Paris region, France
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Paris». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (abbreviated name), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 district | det |
| 2 | district | district | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 renamed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 region | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 region | det |
| 5 | Paris | Paris | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 region | compound |
| 6 | region | region | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 district | nmod |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 renamed | aux:pass |
| 8 | renamed | rename | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 France | punct |
| 10 | Île | Île | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 France | nsubj |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 Île | punct |
| 12 | de | de | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 France | nsubj |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 France | punct |
| 14 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 renamed | parataxis |
| 15 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 France | punct |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 1977 | case |
| 17 | 1977 | 1977 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 8 renamed | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 commonly | punct |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 29 commonly | cc |
| 20 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 26 name | det |
| 21 | abbreviated | abbreviate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 name | amod |
| 22 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 region | punct |
| 23 | Paris | Paris | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 region | compound |
| 24 | region | region | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 abbreviated | obj |
| 25 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 region | punct |
| 26 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 commonly | nsubj |
| 27 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 commonly | cop |
| 28 | still | still | ADV | _ | 29 commonly | advmod |
| 29 | commonly | commonly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 renamed | conj |
| 30 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 commonly | acl |
| 31 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 used | obl:unmarked |
| 32 | to | to | PART | _ | 33 describe | mark |
| 33 | describe | describe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 used | advcl |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 France | det |
| 35 | Île | Île | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 France | nsubj |
| 36 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 35 Île | punct |
| 37 | de | de | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 France | nsubj |
| 38 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 39 France | punct |
| 39 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 describe | obj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 reference | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 reference | cc |
| 42 | as | as | ADP | _ | 45 reference | case |
| 43 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 reference | det |
| 44 | vague | vague | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 reference | amod |
| 45 | reference | reference | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 renamed | obl |
| 46 | to | to | ADP | _ | 50 agglomeration | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 agglomeration | det |
| 48 | entire | entire | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 agglomeration | amod |
| 49 | Paris | Paris | PROPN | Number=Sing | 50 agglomeration | compound |
| 50 | agglomeration | agglomeration | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 reference | nmod |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 renamed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rename | past · passive | the district of the Paris region | 1977 | as a vague reference to the entire Paris agglomeration; France Île de parataxis | tree rules | |||
| 2 | abbreviate | participle | Paris region | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent region=Patient | |||||
| 3 | is | present | this abbreviated name | still | commonly property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | use | participle | today | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | describe | to-infinitive | the France Île de | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent france=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Paris», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Paris/236/