Peru, sentence 396
From Wikipedia, «Peru», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The places most visited by tourists are the cities of Lima and its historic center, Cusco, which is characterized by its Inca and colonial architecture but its main attractions are the Sacred Valley of the Incas and Machu Picchu.
Who acts: places, Inca, cultural · What happens: visit, be, characterize, attract · To what, where: places, cities, Sacred Valley
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Peru». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (places, Inca, cultural), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 places | det |
| 2 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 cities | nsubj |
| 3 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 4 visited | advmod |
| 4 | visited | visit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 places | acl |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 6 tourists | case |
| 6 | tourists | tourist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 visited | obl |
| 7 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 cities | cop |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 cities | det |
| 9 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 Lima | case |
| 11 | Lima | Lima | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 cities | nmod |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 center | cc |
| 13 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 center | nmod:poss |
| 14 | historic | historic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 center | amod |
| 15 | center | center | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 Lima | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 Cusco | punct |
| 17 | Cusco | Cusco | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Lima | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 characterized | punct |
| 19 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 characterized | nsubj:pass |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 characterized | aux:pass |
| 21 | characterized | characterize | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 cities | acl |
| 22 | by | by | ADP | _ | 24 Inca | case |
| 23 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 Inca | nmod:poss |
| 24 | Inca | Inca | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 characterized | obl |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 architecture | cc |
| 26 | colonial | colonial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 architecture | amod |
| 27 | architecture | architecture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 Inca | conj |
| 28 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 31 attractions | cc |
| 29 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 attractions | nmod:poss |
| 30 | main | main | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 attractions | amod |
| 31 | attractions | attraction | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 Inca | conj |
| 32 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 Valley | cop |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 Valley | det |
| 34 | Sacred | Sacred | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 Valley | compound |
| 35 | Valley | Valley | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 cities | nmod |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 Incas | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 Incas | det |
| 38 | Incas | Inca | PROPN | Number=Plur | 35 Valley | nmod |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 Machu | cc |
| 40 | Machu | Machu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 Valley | conj |
| 41 | Picchu | Picchu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 Machu | flat |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 cities | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | visit | participle | the places not said here | by tourists | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | the places | the cities | of Lima and cultural's historic center and Cusco | tree rules | |||
| 3 | characterize | present · passive | cultural's Inca and colonial architecture but cultural's main attractions | the cities | vn characterize-29.2-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | is a | present | the Sacred Valley and Machu | of the Incas; Machu conj | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | attract | cultural | nom attraction «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Peru», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Peru/396/