Peru, sentence 542
From Wikipedia, «Peru», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
These works of architecture and art were made possible by the Tiwanaku's developing bronze, which enabled them to make the necessary tools.
Who acts: developing bronze, architecture · What happens: make, enable, work · To what, where: works, necessary tools
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Peru». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (developing bronze, architecture), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | These | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 2 works | det |
| 2 | works | work | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 made | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 architecture | case |
| 4 | architecture | architecture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 works | nmod |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 art | cc |
| 6 | art | art | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 architecture | conj |
| 7 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 made | aux:pass |
| 8 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | possible | possible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 made | xcomp |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 15 bronze | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Tiwanaku | det |
| 12 | Tiwanaku | Tiwanaku | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 bronze | nmod:poss |
| 13 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 12 Tiwanaku | case |
| 14 | developing | developing | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 bronze | amod |
| 15 | bronze | bronze | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 made | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 enabled | punct |
| 17 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 enabled | nsubj |
| 18 | enabled | enable | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 bronze | acl:relcl |
| 19 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 enabled | obj |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 make | mark |
| 21 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 enabled | advcl |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 tools | det |
| 23 | necessary | necessary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 tools | amod |
| 24 | tools | tool | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 make | obj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past · passive | the Tiwanaku's developing bronze | this works of architecture and art | possible property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product | |||
| 2 | enable | past | the Tiwanaku's developing bronze | works = work | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | make | to-infinitive | the Tiwanaku's developing bronze not said here | the necessary tools | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset tool=Product | ||||
| 4 | work | architecture and art | nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Peru», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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